Application for Job: Applications for a job follow the format of a letter. These contain all the essential information of the applicant's candidature. It is important to attach a bio-data or a resume with the application so that all required information of the candidate can be considered for assessing him suitable for the job. Points to Remember • Job application has two parts- (a) covering letter (b) Resume/Biodata • Start body of the letter giving source of information about the job (newspaper) day, date, advertisement number etc. • Share your interest and competence level. • Close the letter giving note that Bio-data / resume is enclosed. • Write 10-12 points in Bio-Data • Bio-data / Resume, Curriculum Vitae is integral part of the job application. Bio-data should include : Name 2. Father's Name 3. Date of Birth/Age 4. Address 5. Hobbies 6. Language Known 7. Nationality 8. Educational Qualifications: (a) Years, Marks and Subjects of the candidate, Name of University etc. 9. Professional Qualifications 10. Experience 11. Salary Expected 12. Reference - At least 2 references The Job Application- A Recap The covering letter is best written in clear paragraphs. The first paragraph deals with the reference to the advertisement for the job; stating clearly where the advertisement appeared (name of the newspaper/date of the issue of the newspaper) as well as the specific job being applied for. In the second paragraph mention briefly your academic qualifications, work experience, current employment status. End the covering letter by mentioning in the last paragraph your reasons for the applying the said organisations, enclosures, specifically the bio-data and favourable consideration of the application. The bio-data should contain the following details : Personal details [name, date of birth, address], Academic qualifications, professional qualifications, work experience, Additional information[any special skills, languages known, hobbies or special achievements, etc.] References,[names, designations, address of people who can vouch for you e.g. Principal of your school, previous employer, etc.] POINTS TO REMEMBER Marks are awarded for the format only if the contents of the letter are correct. Use the new full block style aligning all parts of the letter to the left. In this style no punctuation marks such as commas are used in the address in the format. Do not use outdated expressions such as Respected Sir, Yours obediently, I beg to say....., Sample Example 1 Example : You are Sudha / Sudhir resident of A-7, Shanti Park. You read the following advertisements in a newspaper. Draft an application in response to the advertisement giving your detailed resume. SITUATION VACANT Wanted a young and experienced graduate with fluency in English and Hindi to work as receptionist at Customer Care booths of NCR Groups of Hotels, Delhi. Contact Manager along with your complete C.V. within 7 days of this advertisement. Sample Example 2 You are Lalit/Laxmi, 21, Ravindra Marg, Delhi. Read the advertisement given below and write a letter to the advertiser, applying for the job. Also give your detailed resume, which you would send along with your letter of application for the job. Solace Medical Equipments requires for its Chennai Unit Manager Account Qualification: chartered Accountant/M.Com Experience: 10r 2 years for CA: 10 years for M. Com Competency: Knowledge in finance management and related commercial activities Salary commensurate with qualification and experience. Apply to : Solace Medical Equipments, 10, Sector-4, Gurgaon-15 Sample of a Cover Letter No. 3 Questions for Practice You are Apoorva/Ashmita, A-22 Industrial Colony, Delhi. Read the advertisement given below and write a letter to the advertiser applying for the job. Also give your detailed resume, which you would send along with your letter of application for the job. (AI CBSE 2007) Soalce Medical Equipments requires for its Chennai Unit Senior Executive Accounts Qualification: M. Com Experience: Minimum 5 years Competency: Knowledge in accounting functions and related commercial activities Salary commensurate with qualification and experience. Apply to : Solace Medical Equipments, 10, sector-4, Gurgaon-15 2. You are Krishna / Krishan from F-9, Mayur Vihar, Delhi. You have come across an advertisement in a national daily for recruitment of Radio Jockey by Radio One, Noida. Apply in response to this advertisement giving your detailed bio-data. 3. You are Ritu / Ritva of 131, Jagriti Vihar, Gurgaon. You recently read about a post of chemist being advertised by Charak Research Ltd. Noida. You wish to apply for it. Apply with full details to the Managers of the Production Unit. Reference: Directorate of Education, GNCT of Delhi

Simple Sentences. Complex Sentences. Compound Sentences.

Lesson Architecture Theme Lesson-At-A-Glance NCERT Solution Extra Long Question-Answers Theme The story revolves around the Hack driver who was William Magnuson. In the story he was Oliver Lutkins. Oliver Lutkins had been evading summons for which a representative of the law firm-the narrator himself-was sent to New Mullion to serve him summons. The narrator develops a good taste for the hack driver-introduced to him as Bill- for his pleasantries and pictorial description of New Mullion-a small town-where the narrator was sent to send summons to Oliver Lutkins. In the story the narrator is taken for a ride when he discovers that the person he presumes to be Bill and who impressed him by his mannerism is none other than Oliver Lutkins himself. Lesson At a Glance The narrator of the tory is a junior clerk in a reputed law firm. His job was not to prepare legal briefs but to serve summons. The lawyer was sent by his law firm to the town of New Mullion to serve summons on a man named Oliver Lutkins who was required to be present as a witness in a law case. The narrator was happy to be sent to a small town as he found his work in a law firm very unpleasant and wanted a break from his work. Although the town, being muddy and ugly-looking, does not live up to his expectations, he takes a great liking to the hack driver at the station. The hack driver who claimed himself to be Bill Magnuson, offers to drive the narrator around the town in order to trace Oliver Lutkins. Oliver Lutkins was the person who the narrator came to meet with in order to serve summons to him. The hack driver, being a cheerful and friendly, the narrator did not mind dishing out the hourly fare he was required to pay to find Lutkins. The hack driver, otherwise known in the village by the name of Bill, seemed to know a lot about Lutkins. He informed the narrator that Lutkins never paid anybody any money. So if the narrator approached him in his fancy clothes, he would become suspicious and run away. The hack driver suggested the narrator that he should keep out of sight when the hack driver looked for Lutkins at various places. They went to enquire at Fritz's where Lutkins often went to play poker. They also went to Gustaff's barber shop. Gustaff was angry that Lutkins had not paid him his money, so Bill concluded that Lutkins must have gone to Gray's barber shop where they had missed him by five minutes. Next both went to poolroom where they they heard that Lutkins just left after buying a packet of cigarettes. The narrator offered to buy lunch to Bill who in turn suggested to have the lunch at his residence cooked by his wife. Bill suggested this so that the narrator ended up paying less than the cost at a restaurant. The narrator was very much moved by Bill's narration of New Mullion and its people and he felt reassured in Bill's company even though he knew that Bill was making some money out of him. After the lunch Bill came to know that from a friend of Lutkins that he had gone to his mother's farm which was located three miles north. Bill, the hack driver, told the narrator that Lutkins' mother was a terror and Lutkins must have gone there in order to hide there. The narrator and the hack driver on reaching there confronted an enormous old woman who chased them with a hot iron from the stove. The narrator and Bill had a peek through the windows of the house and also looked for the barn and the stable to arrive at a conclusion that Lutkins was not hiding there. It was time for the narrator to catch the afternoon train to the city and Bill drove him to the station. On his return to the city the narrator was more occupied in his thought for Bill and New Mullion than Oliver Lutkins. He even thought of shifting to New Mullion and practising Law there. At the law firm every one was upset to discover that the narrator was unsuccessful in his effort to trace Lutkins at New Mullion. All were upset as the case was coming up at the court the next morning and Lutkins' presence was inevitable there. The narrator was again sent to New Mullion in the company of a man who had worked with Lutkins before. On reaching New Mullion the narrator was taken aback to see Lutkins' mother talking and laughing with Bill at the station. When he pointed out Bill to the person who accompanied him to trace Lutkins, he was informed that the hack driver who the narrator was introduced to as Bill was none other than Lutkins himself. The narrator was not so surprised at the fact that Bill had fooled him as to find that Lutkins and his mother were laughing at him when Lutkins was served summons. Lutkins and his mother asked the narrator to pay a visit to his neighbour's house for a cup of coffee as their neighbour was the only one who had not seen the narrator the day before and was interested to meet such a simpleton from the city. NCERT Solution Read and Find Out ( page 47) 1. Why is the lawyer sent to New Mullion? What does he first think about the place? Ans: The lawyer is sent to New Mullion to serve summons on a man called Oliver Lutkins who has ignored all previous letters asking him to be physically present to the court. He initially thinks this place to be a sweet and simple country village. But on arriving there his initial impression goes for a toss. Its streets are rivers of mud with rows of wooden shop, either painted a sour brown or bare of any paint at all. 2. Who befriends him? where does he take him? Bill Magnuson, the friendly delivery man at the station befriends him. He takes him to Fritz's shop and then to Gustaff's and Gray's barber shop. 3. What does he say about Lutkins? Ans Bill Magnuson tells the narrator that Lutkins is a hard fellow to catch. He is always up to something or other. He never repays anyone the monney he owes and it is hard to make him part with his money. Read and Find Out ( Page 50) 1. What more does Bill say about Lutkins and his family? Ans: Bill says that Lutkins' mother has a farm three miles north of New Mullion, and is a terror. She is about nine feet and four feet wide. She is as quick as a cat, and she can talk a lot. 2. Does the narrator serve the summons that day? No, the narrator does not serve the summons that day. 3. Who is Lutkins? Oliver Lutkins is none other than Bill Magnuson, the delivery man who drives the narrator around New Mullion, apparently in search for Lutkins. Think About It 1. When the Lawyer reached New Mullion, did Bill know that he was looking for Lutkins? When do you think Bill came up with his plan for fooling the lawyer? Bill knew that the lawyer was looking for Lutkins when the lawyer told him so at the station. Bill came up with his plan for fooling the lawyer as soon as he heard that the narrator was looking for him to deliver a summons. On previous occasions Bill ignored the letters from the court. So when he came to know the purpose of the narrator's visit at New Mullion, he decided to fool him. 2. Lutkins openly takes the lawyer all over the village. How is it that no one lets out the secret? (Hint: Notice that the hack driver asks the lawyer to keep out of sight behind him when they go into Fritz’s.) Can you find other such subtle ways in which Lutkins manipulates the tour? Ans: The following instances from the text can be cited in favour of the statements above. It is very likely that Bill and the people he visited with the narrator in the town were all involved in trickery. It cannot be true that Fritz does not know who Oliver Lutkins is. When asked by Bill, Fritz hesitates a little and then tells them to find Lutkins at Gustaff's Shop. At Gustaff's shop, bill first enters while the narrator lingers by the door. From there they go to Gray's shop and then to the poolroom. At each place they do not find Lutkins. New Mullion being a small place, it is highly unlikely that people do not know Lutkins. Lutkin's mother too seems to be involved as well. When bill and the author go to his mother's farm, she denies having seen her son and chases them with a hot iron. Thus at every point Bill seems to manipulate the tour. 3. Why do you think Lutkins’ neighbours were anxious to meet the lawyer? Ans: Lutkins' neighbours were anxious to meet the lawyer because they wanted to see a lawyer from the city who was supposed to be clever and smart and yet turned out to be a fool. 4. After his first day’s experience with the hack driver the lawyer thinks of returning to New Mullion to practise law. Do you think he would have reconsidered this idea after his second visit? Ans: Yes, certainly the lawyer would have reconsidered his idea of returning to New Mullion to practise Law. He had been fooled by Bill, the hack driver, whom he considered to be such a deep and richly human, ended up fooling him. He must have been highly disappointed at the double standard approach from Bill whose 'philosphy of simplicity and laughter' had made the lawyer consider returning to New Mullion. 5. Do you think the lawyer was gullible? How could he have avoided being taken for a ride? The lawyer was certainly gullible. He could have discontinued taking the service of Bill when he realized that he was charging him too much. He should have also taken the lead of asking Fritz and Gustaff himself about Lutkins instead of allowing Bill to take the lead. Long Questions 1. Lutkins justifies the proverb ' All that glitters is not gold'. Describe how he fooled the lawyer/narrator in story. Ans : Lutkins appeared to be very helpful and friendly. When the narrator reached New Mullion, he was befooled by Lutkins with a pseudo name Bill and volunteered to drive him round the small town to trace Lutkins. He even charged the narrator two dollars for every hour. He pretended to be honest and helpful but he just befooled the lawyer. He instructed the narrator to keep a safe distance when Bill himself went to ask Fritz and Gustaff's barber shop about the whereabouts of Lutkins. Bill has involved them in the trickery. Bill even involved his own mother in fooling the narrator in his pursuit for Lutkins. Thus we can say that Bill has deceived the narrator all throughout the latter's trip to New Mullion. We learn from this story that we should not take any stranger for granted just by their apparently genuine pleasantries. Some people might appear to help us and impress us with their convincing speaking skills. But we should not trust them and not take any undue service and favour from such tricky people like Oliver Lutkins himself. 2. Towards the end of the story, the lawyer was hurt on knowing the truth of the hack driver. How do you describe Lutkins in the context of the above statement. Ans : The narrator took Lutkins for a charming fellow with a gifted narration skill. He was highly impressed by disguised Lutkins' pleasantries and offer for help. He was so pleased by the disguised Lutkins so much so that he even considered returning to New Mullion to practise Law. He had found the disguised Lutkins deep and richly human. The lawyer's impression of the place and the people of New Mullion went for a toss on his second trip to the village. He discovered that the person whom he came to know as Bill was no other than Oliver Lutkins himself. Thus the narrator's faith on his trip guide met a watery grave. From the incidence it is obvious that Lutkins was a cheat. He always wears a camouflage-like appearance in the society. At the end both he and his mother had a heary laugh at the lawyer. The laughter stemmed from their successful effort at making the lawyer the fool. Thus, Lutkins truned out a trickster towards the end of the story. <<<<<<<<< The End>>>>>>>>>>

Question: In the following Passage, one word has been omitted in each line. Choose the omitted word from the options given after the passage. The first one is given as an example. For the Answer key, Click Here.

Lesson Architecture Story-At-A-Glance NCERT Solution Extra Questions Story-At-A-Glance The Story is set in the background of a school, on the last day of a session. Taplow is a student awaiting his result. Frank is a young science teacher. Mr. Crocker-Harris is Taplow's class teacher. Taplow has been given extra work by his teacher for missing a day in the last week owing to illness. Frank is friendly with students while Mr. Crocker-Harris is stern and disciplined and always goes by the rule. Mr. Crocker-Harris never leaks out results, nor does he favour any student for doing extra work. He gives only what the student deserves. Frank suggests that Taplow should not wait for Mr. Harris, but go home. Taplow discloses that no student dared to disobey Mr. Harris. Though he has no sadistic streak in him unlike some other teachers , yet he is respected and obeyed by the students. Frank envies the elderly teacher's command over the students. Mr. Crocker Harris does not care about people liking him. He does not display his feelings. Despite everything, Taplow likes the teacher. Millie Crocker-Harris appears on the scene and informs that her husband has gone on work and would be late. She suggests that Taplow should go out and play, but the boy is scared of his teacher. She volunteers to take the blame on herself and sends him to a chemist so that he could he could at least go out and relax for a while. NCERT Solution: Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context. remove: result of promotion to a higher class in a British school. Slackers: idlers. muck: something unpleasant or worthless. Kept in : detained after class as punishment. got carried away: moved to unreasoning enthusiasm. Cut: stay away from Sadist: One who takes pleasure in other's pain. Shriveled up: Shrunk or wrinkled. Understanding the Text: Comment on the attitude shown by Taplow towards Crocker-Harris. Ans: Taplow is very scared of Crocker Harris as he is very strict and disciplinarian. Taplow does not give in to any temptation of leaving the place even when the young science teacher Frank suggests so. Mr. Crocker-harris always abides by the rule and never shows undue favour to anyone for working extra hours. Taplow respects Crocker Harris and laughs at his teacher's joke out of politeness. He defends his teacher in front of Frank. He even goes on to say that Mr. Crocker-Harris does not take pleasure in torturing the boys unlike some other teachers of his school. Therefore, Taplow's attitude towards Crocker Harris is respectful and he obedient. 2. Does Frank seem to encourage Taplow's comments on Crocker-Harris? Ans: Frank encourages Taplow to make fun of his elderly teacher. Frank is obviously envious of the obedience that Mr. Crocker Harris commands from his students. The following instances show that Frank makes fun of Crocker Harris. Frank even insinuates Taplow to run away because Crocker Harris is already a little late. When Taplow imitates Mr. Crocker Harris, Frank craftily asks him to repeat so that they could make fun at the expense of the teacher. When Taplow relates to Frank about the joke in class, Frank takes the opportunity of laughing at Crocker Harris. Therefore, it is obvious that Frank enjoys enjoys the fact that Mr. Crocker Harris is sometimes ridiculed by his his own pupil. 3. What do you gather about Crocker-Harris from the play? Ans: From the account of Taplow we come to know that Crocker Harris is a strict disciplinarian and always adheres to compliance of rules. He is a hard task master and does not excuse any laziness from students' end. The students are well aware that he is not biased in his approach towards students. Students are not given any inflated marks by Crocker Harris and they score what they deserve. Although students dislike his sternness, yet they respect him because he is not a sadist like some others in school. Taplow sums up Mr Crocker Harris in his own words, 'The funny thing is that in spite of everything, I do rather like him. I can't help it.' Extra Questions 1. Who is Crocker Harris / What makes him different from other teachers? Ans: Mr. Crocker-Harris is a senior teacher in the school and teaches literature in lower fifth. He is different from other teachers because he always sticks to rules, does not like flattery and is not biased towards any student. He does not belong to the category of a sadist and is therefore respected by the students. 2. Do you think frank encourages Taplow to make fun of Mr. Crocker Harris? Ans: Frank certainly encourages Taplow to make fun of Mr. Crocker Harris. When Taplow imitates his teacher, Frank asks him to repeat it. When Taplow relates the incident of Mr. Crocker Harris cutting a poor joke in class, Frank encourages Taplow's mimicry. 3. Why do you think that Frank envies Mr. Crocker Harris? Ans: Frank envies Mr. Crocker Harris because the latter commands respect and authority from his students. He is a strict disciplinarian and the students cannot dare remain absent from his class. 4. Why was Taplow given extra work on the last day of school? Ans: Even on the last day, Taplow was given extra work by Mr. Crocker-Harris. It was because he had missed a day the previous week due to illness. Mr. Crocker Harris, being a tough task master, never excused the boys on any ground. 5. Who is Millie ? What does she ask Taplow to do? Ans: Millie is the wife if Mr. Crocker Harris. When she finds Taplow being made to wait by her husband, she feels bad and tells him to go and play for a while. When he shows reluctance, she sends him to a chemist to get some medicines for his teacher so that he could take a break on this pretext. Consider visiting Home Page of Class XI Here <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< End>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Lesson Architecture Main Events of the Story NCERT Solution Extra Questions Link for Quiz/MCQ from the lesson Main Events of the Story Albert Einstein's concept of education was quite different from others. He was never interested in learning dates and facts of History. According to him, ideas were more important that dates and facts. Mr. Braun, his History teacher was infuriated by his attitude. He said that Albert was a disgrace to the school and should leave school instead of wasting his father's money. As Albert was unhappy with school system, his dwelling and his food, he wanted to leave the school by himself. But he was skeptical about his father's opinion about it. His only friend was Yuri in whom he confided his miseries. He thought of a plan to get out of the school. He asked Yuri for a doctor who would certify him with nervous breakdown and advise him to stay away from school for some time. Yuri said that he would try his best. A fresh medical graduate gave Yuri an appointment for Albert. Dr. Ernest Weil, himself a student till recent times, understood the problem and told him that he was suffering a nervous breakdown. Otherwise he would not have come to him. The doctor issued the certificate free of charge and told him to treat Yuri to dinner. Yuri advised Albert to go his Maths teacher and collect a recommendation before meeting the head teacher. The Maths teacher Mr. Koch willingly gave Albert a glowing reference saying there was nothing more he could teach Albert. In fact, he would have a lot to learn from Albert. Albert was called by the Head teacher and was asked to leave the school as his behaviour became intolerable for others. Albert wanted to justify himself but controlled himself somehow and walked out without closing the door. Albert was relieved at leaving the place where he had spent five years of misery. Yuri was the only person in Munich he wanted to bid goodbye. Yuri, in turn, wished him happiness and luck. NCERT Solution 1. What do you understand of Einstein's nature from his conversations with his history teacher, his mathematics teacher and the head teacher? Ans: Einstein was a student more interested in ideas than learning dates and facts of historical events. His History teacher often rebuked Einstein for not complying with his instructions of learning facts from History book. Einstein's interaction with his Mathematics teacher was very cordial and endearing. He was highly appreciative of Einstein's potential in Maths. In his glowing recommendation letter he wrote that there was nothing more to teach Einstein in school. But the Head teacher was not able to see the genius in Einstein. He called Einstein a nuisance in class, rebellious and a disturbing element and asked him to leave the school on his own accord. 2. The school system often curbs individual talents. Discuss. The school system is not geared up to recognize the aptitude and talent of each and every student. As a result, many a student end up pursuing career in which they have no aptitude. Moreover, we shall not be given due recognition if we do not go to school and pass out from the school. The school system of education is not optimized for catering to individual differences. It, therefore, kills the natural instinct in children to excel in their individual areas of expertise. Great personalities like Thomas Edison, Bill Gates, Larry Allison have all encountered the challenges in fulfilling their objectives in school life. The school curriculum did not suit their individual aptitude and skill. Thus, it is true that the school system of education often curbs individual talents. 3. How do you distinguish between information gathering and insight formation? Ans: Our present system of education is geared for information gathering instead of insight formation. Information gathering is a mechanical task and does not contribute to the holistic growth of a child. The History teacher insisted on learning by heart information on dates and facts. But Einstein wanted to know why battles were fought and why the soldiers were being killed instead of the number of soldiers being killed. On the other hand, insight formation requires more persistent and systematic approach towards studies. Students need to develop independent thinking, lateral thinking and research on a topic and come up with conclusive evidences for inference and so on. Our system of education does not emphasize on experiential learning mode which contributes towards insight formation. Extra Questions 1. Who was Yuri? What was his role in the story? Ans: Yuri was Albert's only friend in Munich and his close confidante. When Albert decided to leave the school, he asked Yuri to get a doctor's certificate issued declaring Albert to be medically unfit for the school. Yuri fixed an appointment with Dr. Ernst Weil, a fresh graduate, who readily certified Albert with nervous breakdown and recommended six months rest. Yuri also suggested Albert to take a letter of recommendation from the Mathematics Teacher before submitting the certificate to the head teacher. 2. Describe Albert's meeting with the head teacher. Ans: The head teacher summoned Albert in his chamber and asked him to leave school . He told him that due to his rebellious nature , his presence in the classroom has become intolerable. Albert asked if he was being expelled. The head teacher suggested him to leave the school on his own accord. Albert wanted to justify himself, but managed to restrain. On informing the head teacher that he had already decided to leave the school, Albert walked out of the room and immediately left the school. 3. How did Albert justify his view on education? Ans: Albert said that ideas mattered more than facts. There was no point in knowing dates or number of soldiers being killed in a battle. It would be educative to know why those soldiers killed one another. Albert gave more emphasis on insight formation than gathering information. 4. Who was Elsa? Why did she disapprove of the book that Albert was reading? Ans: Elsa was Albert's cousin and friend. She lived in Berlin where her father had his business. She often came to meet Albert in Munich. When Elsa saw Albert with a book on Geology, she asked him whether it was required in school. On learning that it was not required in school, she suggested him not to read something which would not help him with his diploma. 5. Why was Albert nervous when he met the doctor? Ans: Albert was so worried about what to tell the doctor that by the time of his appointment, he was quite nervous. Moreover, he was very bad at lying and thus, would not be able to deceive the doctor. 6. How did Mr. Koch react to Albert leaving the school? Ans: Mr. Koch admitted that Albert was wasting his time in his class as there was nothing more to teach him. He wrote that Albert was ready to immediately go in for higher studies in Maths. Consider visiting Class XI Homepage Here

Lesson Architecture Theme Line-Wise Explanation NCERT Solution Link for Questions for Practice Poetic Devices MCQ Worksheet Theme: The rain has been personified in the poem in the form of a diaglogue. The poem is the depiction of the life cycle of the rain. The poem describes the rain as a natural phenomenon, which affects a sensitive human heart. Line-Wise Explanation Line 1-7 And who art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower, Which, strange to tell, gave me an answer, as here translated: I am the Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain, Eternal I rise impalpable out of the land and the bottomless sea, Upward to heaven, whence, vaguely form’d, altogether changed, and yet the same, Vocabulary: Thou: you Shower: rain fall. Translated: in other words. Eternal: everlasting Impalpable: Not able to touch. Bottomless: extremely deep. Vaguely: indefinite, unclear. Paraphrase: The poet begins by asking the rain, ' Who are you?' To his utter surprise he got a response, which is translated by the poet to the readers. The rain replies that it is the lyrical composition of the earth. It rises up in the sky from the deep sea unseen by anybody. In the sky its shape is changed when it is converted into the cloud. Line 8-14 I descend to lave the droughts, atomies, dust-layers of the globe, And all that in them without me were seeds only, latent, unborn; And forever, by day and night, I give back life to my own origin, And make pure and beautify it; Vocabulary: Descend: come down Lave: wash Atomies: tiny particles Latent: inactive, not visible Paraphrase: The rain further says that it come down on earth in the form of rain to wash and cleanse the dry earth, its fine particles and dusty layers. The rain refreshes the flora and fauna, entire vegetation of the earth and sprouts the hidden dormant seeds. The rain continues the endless process of giving life to where it originated from. The earth is washed, purified and beautified with shower dropped from the sky. Line 15-17 For song, issuing from its birth-place, after fulfillment, wandering Reck’d or unreck’d, duly with love returns.) Vocabulary: Issuing: originating after fulfillment: after accomplishing its mission. wandering: going from one place to another. Reck’d or unreck’d: noticed or unnoticed Paraphrase: The poet compares the rain with song here. The song of the rain originates from the earth, wanders to fulfill its desire to refresh people's mind and hearts irrespective of recognition. It then comes back to the earth at the proper time, with love, regardless whether anyone notices its presence. NCERT Solution: Think it Out 1.There are two voices in the poem. Who do they belong to ? Which lines indicate this? Ans: One voice belongs to the poet who speaks to us. The other voice is that of the rain that is heard by the poet. The opening line of the poem 'And who art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower,'' indicates the poet's voice. The third line of the poem 'I am the Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain' indicates the second voice of the rain. 2. What does the phrase 'strange to tell' mean? Ans: It refers to the surprising reply of the rain in response to the query of the poet about who it is. The poet finds it strange to describe what the rain said in reply. 3. There is a parallel between rain and music. Which words indicate this? Explain the similarity between the two. Ans: Words like 'poem', 'soft-falling shower', 'voice of the rain' and 'song' indicate the parallelism drawn between music and rain. Rain describes itself a lyrical composition of the earth having a melody of its own. The 'soft falling shower' has a musical rhythm. The poet concludes the poem by referring the rain as the song of the earth. The song wanders far and wide, but returns in due time, carrying with it a love for the earth and for every life. 4. How is the cyclic movement of rain bought out in the poem? Compare it with what you have learnt in science. Ans: The rain rises from the land and deep sea in the form of water vapour . In the sky it cools down and takes the form of cloud vaguely formed and then comes down as showers to he same place where it had originated. Thus the cycle movement of the rain is complete. 5. Why are the last two lines put within brackets? Ans: The last two lines are not the voice of the rain. They are the poet's statement on the music of the rain. The poet compares the rain as the song of the earth. It returns to earth regardless of any recognition in due time to its birth -place after completion of its course. 6. List the pairs of opposites found in the poem. Ans: The pairs of opposites found in the poem are the following: a) rise and descend b) lave and drought c) day and night d) upward to heaven and the bottomless sea. e) Reck'd and unreck'd. POETIC DEVICES: 1. PERSONIFICATION: “said the voice of the rain” Rain speaks throughout the poem. 2. ANTITHESIS: “All together changed, and yet the same”- two opposite ideas have been pulled together to describe the continuous cycle of rain. 3. METAPHOR: “I am the poem of the earth”. Click Here for Practice of Extra Questions.

Lesson Architecture Author Biography Theme Core Issues of the Lesson NCERT Solution Extra Questions Link for MCQ Test Biography of the Author ( Source: Hindustan Times) Born in Bombay (now Mumbai), Palkhivala hailed from a Parsi working class family, and went on to become a household name in India. His father was in the palkhi (palanquins) business, and hence the surname Palkhivala. He joined the St Xavier’s College, and completed his masters in English literature. Palkhivala was also a part-time lecturer in Government Law College, Bombay. The heights of eloquence to which Palkhivala had risen have seldom been equalled and never been surpassed in the history of the Supreme Court. Sri Aurobindo was his favourite writer and thinker, whose writings greatly attracted him. His father was in the palkhi (palanquins) business, and hence the surname Palkhivala. The fearlessness with which he spoke out, irrespective of the party in power, made him the voice of conscience of the nation. The most outstanding quality of Palkhivala was his willingness to help people in need and his humility and modesty. He was tender towards the bashful, gentle towards the distant, and merciful towards the absurd. He died on December 11, 2002. Theme: This chapter is an article written by Nani Palkhiwala and was published in The Indian Express on 24th November 1994. This lesson has details about the Green Movement which played a major role in addressing environment issues. The lesson voices concerns about the domination of human beings who have left no or little place for other species on earth. ‘The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement’s Role’ focuses on a host of environmental issues. It was written in 1994 but is still relevant owing to the continued deterioration in the health of the planet Earth. The lesson highlights the Earth as an ailing patient whose condition is getting critical day by day. It also focuses on the activities of human beings which are responsible for a plethora of environmental issues including global warming. The Green Movement and its role in conserving the environment is also a focus of discussion in the lesson. The writer talks about the importance of conserving natural resources and how this planet is a place to live for everyone and not just humans alone. The writer also highlights the problem of over-population which is also responsible for the imbalance in the environment. Core Environmental Issues Green Movement: There has been no other movement in the history of the world which has drawn the attention and impacted the entire human race as the Green Movement that started in New Zealand. The world’s first nationwide Green Party was founded in 1972. It has changed our outlook of the world form a mere mechanical perspective to taking a holistic approach in the study and protection of the environment. For the first time earth is being considered a living organism with metabolic needs of its own which must be respected and preserved. Concept of ‘Sustainable Development’ The focus is now on ‘sustainable development’, a concept brought about by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. It means development that meets the need of the present world without compromising on the ability of future generations to meet their needs. We need to ensure that we do not take away what actually belongs to our children. We should not strip away all the natural resources without leaving anything for the future. One example of human beings being responsible for the wanton destruction has been seen in a zoo at Lusaka. On a cage, there is a board that reads ‘the Worlds’ most dangerous animal’. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where one sees oneself. This awareness is good enough to make us sensible in order to learn that we cannot survive on this system of domination. Dominance of Man over other species on Earth Great damage has been done already, most of which is irreparable. Man has proved to be the most dangerous creatures on earth, always trying to dominate instead of striving for harmonious coexistence with nature. Man shares the earth with 1.4 million living species. Man’s selfish motives have turned this into a scorched planet of advancing deserts depleted forests, barren landscapes and a dying environment. An international commission, Brandt Commission with a renowned Indian Mr. L. K. Jha dealt with ecology and environment. In its first report it raised the question that are we going to leave a planet that is burnt, growing barren, with advancing deserts, infertile lands and deteriorating environment for our future generations. Four biological systems of the Earth Man has even threatened the four basic biological systems namely fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands which form the foundation of the global economic system. They are the basis of the world economic system. They not only supply food for mankind, but also the raw materials for industry, except minerals and petroleum based products. In many parts of the world, human demand over these systems is far more than the earth can actually support or keep up with. As a result, production has fallen. The protein hungry world has destroyed all fisheries by over-fishing. In poor countries, forests are being depleted for firewood. Grasslands are turning to wastelands, croplands are becoming infertile. Tropical forests, which are the power house of evolution with several species of life, are on the verge of extinction. These systems are not being able to support the ever increasing human population. Grasslands have turned to wastelands, and tropical forests are facing rapid extinction. Fifty million acres of tropical forests are disappearing every year. According to a government report, India is losing forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres every year. However, the reality is even more alarming. The actual loss of forests is eight times more than the government report. Areas marked as forest land are virtually treeless. Growth of Exploding Population- a deterrent. The main cause of environmental deterioration is the world’s exploding population. More than a million years were needed to bring world population to its first billion in the year 1800. A second billion was added at the end of the next hundred years. The population of India is more than that of Africa and South American put together. If control of population is not treated as topmost priority, people will die of starvation. The only solution to this terrifying situation is development which will ensure rise in income, education and health and thus will check population growth. Emerging Era of Responsibility: Addressing the environmental crisis will ensure our journey to the future. The changing world scenario has opened our eyes to become more responsible. This emerging Era of Responsibility brings a vision that the world be treated as an integrated whole. Advice of Maragaret Thatcher and Lester Brown: We have not only put the survival of the human race at stake, the survival of the planet has been threatened as well. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher made a very decisive statement , ‘ No generation ha a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy-with a full repairing lease.’ Mr. Lester Brown has made a pertinent point in saying that we have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children. Let us not forget that we have to return it to them in good condition so that they too can live a healthy life on this planet. Recapitulation: The world’s first nationwide Green Party was founded in New Zealand in 1972. From a mechanical outlook, the approach towards looking at the environment has shifted to holistic and ecological view. This change in mindset of the people is as phenomenal as the change that came over when Copernicus showed the world that the earth and planets revolve around the sun. The concept of Sustainable Development popularized by World Commission on Environment and Development meets the needs of the present without compromising the interests of the future generations. The earth’s four biological systems are fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands. These biological systems have completely been destroyed and ruined due to man’s greed. The main cause of environmental deterioration is the world’s exploding population. The population of India is more than that of Africa and South American put together. If control of population is not treated as topmost priority, people will die of starvation. The only solution to this terrifying situation is development which will ensure rise in income, education and health and thus will check population growth. Addressing the environmental crisis will ensure our journey to the future. The changing world scenario has opened our eyes to become more responsible. This emerging Era of Responsibility brings a vision that the world be treated as an integrated whole. For the first time in human history, we see that the concern is not the survival of the human race alone, but of the planet as well. We do not own this planet, nor have we inherited it. We have borrowed it from our children. Therefore, it is our duty and responsibility to return it them in good condition. NCERT Solution Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context. a holistic and ecological view: treating the environmental problem as a whole and not the symptoms alone in isolation. Sustainable Development: meeting the needs of present development without compromising on the resources for future generations. Languish: numerous species existing without being discovered and protected. Ignominious darkness: number of species shamefully unrecognized by man. inter alia: among other things. decimated: large parts being destroyed. catastrophic depletion: dangerously disappearing forests. transcending concern: a concern that goes beyond usual experience. Understanding the Text 1. Locate the lines in the text that support the title 'The Ailing Planet.' The following are some of the lines from the lesson to justify how critically the planet is ailing. For example, (i) the earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health.....' (ii) 'Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?' (iii) 'Since the tropical forest is the powerhouse of evolution, several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.' (iv) The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding..... growing use of dung for burning, deprives the soil of an important natural fertilizer.' (v) Large areas, officially designated as forest land, ' are virtually treeless.'' 2. What does the notice ' The world's most dangerous animal' at a cage in the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia signify? Ans: The notice highlights the threat that man poses to other creatures on earth. The mirror inside the cage represents man's own image as the most dangerous animal on earth. Man's greed and not need has done more damage to the earth. He has treated the earth as his property and not given any consideration for the next generation. Man's ruthless treatment of nature and wild life has made him the most dangerous animal on earth. 3. How are the earth's principal biological systems being depleted? Ans: Earth has four principal biological systems -fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands. The entire world economy is based on these systems. We are dependent on them for our supply of food as well as raw materials for our industries. Over-fishing by the protein hungry world has pushed fisheries to extinction. Demand for wood in different industries and also as fuel in poor countries has brought about depletion of acres of forest land. Grasslands or pastures are an essential part of the biological system. But they are fast getting converted to wastelands. With disappearance of forests , rainfall becomes scanty resulting in drought like situation. This in turn damages croplands which become infertile. 4. Why does the author suggest that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society? Ans: In India the population is more than the entire population of Africa and South America put together. Development is the only remedy from this social evil. Ratio of population will go down only when people are employed , educated and healthy. If the present trend continues, half of its people will die of hunger and their dreams will remain unfulfilled in their huts. Development can take place only when population control is given topmost priority. Nation wide campaigns both on electronic and print media along with street play, speeches and counselling might help sensitize the people against population explosion. Spread of education & generation of employment can be the only remedy. Extra Questions 1. What is Green Movement? Why was it initiated and where? Ans: The Green Movement is a revolution to fight destruction of environment. It was initiated to create a holistic approach towards protection and study of environment. The first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand in 1972. 2. What do the earth's vital signs reveal? what is our duty towards it? Ans: The earth's vital signs project the earth as an ailing planet. The earth is in declining health owing to the deterioration of her health. Our primary duty now is to save whatever is left of the environment. We have to safeguard and protect the earth for our children. 3. What do you understand by the statement' Forests precede mankind, deserts follow'? Ans: Forests have been there even before the existence of mankind on the face of the earth. But human beings have almost vanished it owing to commercial purpose. Thus there will be a vast stretch of deserts in place of forests as a consequence of man's indiscriminate treatment of nature. There will be barren lands and deserts after man leaves the world. 4. Why is development regarded as the best contraceptive? Ans: A nationwide development will give rise to employment and consequent improvement in lifestyle. People will have access to education and education can sensitize people in favour of small family set up. Development can contribute to improved healthcare system, growth in educational institutes and greater awareness among human beings. 5. Why can't we have a freehold on this earth? Comment. Ans: We do not own the planet, nor have we inherited it. No generation has a freehold on this earth. We only have life long tenancy. We have borrowed it from our children. It is our duty and responsibility to return it to them in good shape. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< End>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

A report is a short, sharp, concise write up which is written for a particular purpose and audience. What is Report Writing? A report is a brief account of an event that has already taken place. It helps in recording events of importance that occurs in our day to day life and attempts to present the first hand information of an incident or event. It presents a record of events that took place. A report on an event includes ideas, opinions and impressions on the event. POINTS TO REMEMBER Mention the place, date, time and other relevant facts about the event. Include information collected from people around or influenced by the event. Write the name of the reporter. Provide a suitable title/heading. Often written in past tense using passive voice to communicate information effectively. Reported speech and passive forms of expression add impact and force. Develop ideas (causes, reasons, consequences, opinions) logically. Report an event in the order in which it happened. Write a report in 3 - 4 short paragraphs. What should Each Paragraph include? Para-1: Brief introduction of the event. Para -2 and 3: Give details of incident like what/ how/ when/ where/ any special happening. Para -4: Concluding remarks regarding action taken or required. Important Tips Be brief, to the point and systematic. Write in a less formal and more descriptive manner. In case of School Magazine Reports, name of the school, date and place need not be written. A boxed report gives a better and organised look but box is not mandatory. Follow word limit. Use Past Tense as Reports are written after the event is over. Use of Passive voice is also recommended. Report an event in the order in which things have happened (Maintain sequence of events.) Format : (a) A bold heading/Title. (b) Name of the reporter. (c) Date of Report along with name of the place (city). CBSE Marking Scheme Report Format-Title, Writer’s Name- 1 mark Content - What, Where, When, Chief Guest, participation details Other details about the event/incident- 2 Marks Expression- coherence, relevance spellings, grammatical accuracy } 2 marks. Newspaper Report: Sample Sample 1: You are Shraddha of Gyan Bharti Residential School Shalimar Bagh, Delhi. Your school organised an inter-school science exhibition. Write a report to be published in a local daily. Sample 2 Write a report to be published in your school magazine in 125 words on how Independence Day was celebrated in your school. You are Amita Puri of class XI, Modern School, Chanakyapuri. Exercise for Practice Q1. You are Aakriti/Pranay Sood. As a responsible citizen, you organized a campaign on ‘Say No To Child Labour’ in your locality in which many residents of all age groups particular. Write a report of the campaign in 125 words for publication in a magazine. Q2. Sanskriti School, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi recently organized a Symposium on the acute water shortage and the need to conserve water as. Its aim was to create awareness about water conservation. As secretary of the eco- club of the school, prepare a report on the proceedings of the Symposium, to be published in the school magazine. Q3. To improve proficiency in spoken English, the Principal of Kendriya. Vidyalaya No. 3, Delhi Cantt organized a workshop in which professionals and experts from the British School of Languages effectively taught spoken English through computer presentations and other aids during the summer vacations .The workshop proved very beneficial to the participants. As one of the participants, write a report to be published in the school magazine. Q4. As you were driving back home from work you were witness to an accident between a Maruti car and a truck. The driver of the car was seriously injured. There was confusion and chaos prevailing on the road. Describe the scene in about 100-125 words. You are Sanjay/Sonika. Q5. Recently thousands of people lost their lives in earthquakes in China. Earthquakes have caused disaster in India also. Keeping in view the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, your school arranged a talk on ‘Disaster Management’. Indentifying the areas of your state most prone to earthquakes, the speaker explained the precautionary measures to be taken by (the public and Government in case of emergency. As a student write a report of the event in 100-125 words for your school magazine. Q6. You are Ravi/Rani, secretary Yuva Club of your school. Your school celebrated a ‘Yuva-week’ by organising a cultural programme in your school, in which many students and teachers took active part. Write a report of the programme for your school magazine, in 100-125 words. Q7. Recently the Chief Minister of Delhi inaugurated the “Clean Yamuna Campaign”. In which about 250 schools participated. You were shocked to see the miserable condition of the River Yamuna, which reflected a dirty drain of a small town. Write a report in about 125 words about the campaign, for publication in the newspaper. You are Vipul/ Meenakshi, a staff corespondent of Rashtriya Sahara. Q8. A group of 40 students of Sarvodya School, Pitam Pura, Delhi was selected for an adventure camp to Nainital where the students were given training in mountaineering boating and rafting. It was a seven day adventure camp in Summer Vacation. You were one of students who participated in the camp. Write a report of the camp relating your experiences at the camp. Source: DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION Govt. of NCT, Delhi

A letter is a form of written communication. Letters are of two types - Formal and Informal. Formal Letter Include • Business or Official letters (for making enquiries, registering complaints, asking for and giving information, placing / cancelling orders and sending replies). • Letter to the Editor (giving suggestions or opinion on issue of public interest). • Letter to concerned authorities regarding civic problems. • Application for Job. Types of Letters included in Revised syllabus of Class 11 by CBSE in 2020-2021 Business or official letters (for making enquiries, registering complaints, asking for and giving information, placing orders and sending replies) Letter to the school or college authorities, regarding admissions, school issues, requirements / suitability of courses, etc. Making Enquiries: This type of letters ask for information or supply of information. They include inviting quotations, rates, terms and conditions of supply of goods etc. Complaints and Claims: This type of letters contains complaints of all types relating to goods, terms and conditions, payment, bad behaviour, wrong supply of goods. these letters demand a tactful handling since these involve legal matters. Asking for and Giving information: In business letters of this nature certain information regarding orders, goods supplied or to be supplied etc is asked. These are formal business letters. such letters may be a part of the letters coming under Enquiries, placing orders, offering/accepting agencies etc. Placing/Accepting orders and sending replies: In this type of letters orders for goods are placed or acknowledged. These are business letters in which precise information is given so that business transactions are conducted smoothly. Note: Letters based on verbal/visual input, to be answered in 120-150 words. One out of the two given questions to be answered. Weightage of Marks Format: 1 M Content: 2 M Expression: 2 M Points to Remember • Start each new line from left hand margin. Sequence of writing a letter (i) Sender's address (ii) Date (iii) Receiver's address (iv) Salutation : Sir / Madam (v) Subject (vi) content of the letter vii) Closing the letter. • Para I - Introductory. • Para II and III - Main ideas • Para IV - Complementary close. a) To the Principal : Yours obediently. b) To the Employer/Editor. Yours sincerely. c) To the dealer / business vendor : Yours truly. • Coherence and organization of ideas • Think and analyze the subject / topic • Recall all the ideas and put them on a rough sheet while brainstorming • Organize the ideas. Instructions for Writing Business Letters a) Use a formal, precise and to-the-point, modest yet affirmative language. b) Do not try to draw the sympathy of the other person when you are corresponding. c) Avoid blaming or finding fault with others. It tends to spoil your impression. d) Be reasonable, courteous, but firm with conviction. e) Mention reference/invoice no. etc in your letter while making any correspondence with the dealer/company etc. f) Mention a suitable subject to the body of the letter to facilitate prompt action. SAMPLE OF BUSINESS / OFFICIAL LETTERS (A) For Making Enquiry- Pattern Sender’s address .............................. Date The Director/Principal (Name of the institution) Address...................................... Subject : Seeking information about............................... Sir, In response to your advertisement about the course in......................I hereby seek the following information on pursuing the said course. (I) Procedure for admission (ii) Eligibility criteria (iii) Fee structure (iv) Placement opportunities (v) Duration of the course (vi) Whether hostel facility available Sample 1 ( Asking information) Rohit is interested in doing a short term course in Computer Programming. He decided to write a letter inquiring about the duration of the course, fee and other details. Draft a letter to APC Computers, Sarojini Nagar, New Delhi. DDA Flats Humayanpur Safdarjung Enclave New Delhi 29 Oct 27, 2020 The Director APC Compters Sarojini Nagar New Delhi 11 Subject: Enrollment in Computer Programming Course Sir, Kindly refer to your advertisement in the Times of India about Computer Programming Course. I am interested in pursuing a short-term course during the summer vacation. I presume this course would suit my needs. But before I decide, Please let me know the following details. Duration of course and fees When it actually starts Whether it is diploma or degree course Recognition or affiliation Timing and other relevant information Any postal correspondence facility I request you to kindly forward this information at the earliest to enable me to decide about joining the course. Awaiting your quick response, Thanking You, Regards, Rohit Sample 2 ( Asking Information) You are Ravi. You saw an advertisement regarding a course for training and preparing students for the TOEFL-Test of English as a Foreign Language. You wish to join this course. Write a letter to the Course Director of A to Z in English, 22, Gandhi Nagar, Chennai-20 inquiring about all the details that you require. 1245, Sahukar Pet Channai Central Station Chennai Oct 27, 2020 The Course Director A to Z in English 22, Gandhi Nagar Chennai-20 Subject: Information about TOEFL Dear Sir, Kindly refer to your advertisement regarding a course for training and preparing students for the TOEFL , Published in The Hindu , dated Sep 15, 2020. I am very much interested to pursue the course from your esteemed institute. Prior to my taking admission to the course, I would like to know the following details, which I request you to kindly furnish at the earliest so that I can take admission quickly. Duration of the course Fee Charged Course content Timing for classes Availability of course contents. I would request you to also let me know if the course is recognized by any educational organization or there is any affiliating authority for the same. . Awaiting your early response, Thanking You, Regards, Ravi B) For Registering Complaints Self Address Date M/s............................ ................................. Subject : Complaint regarding newly purchased__________________ Sir, I may draw your kind attention towards the purchase of .................from your showroom vide case memo no.___________date_____________. It worked well for a few days/months but now it has started creating trouble. (Explanation of problem/trouble).................................................................. ..........................................I am extremely disappointed as this was a costly purchase. I was to purchase it on your faithful advice. Since it is under the warranty period of two years, kindly send your engineers to examine and repair it or arrange for its immediate replacement. Thanking you Yours sincerely Name Complaint about Defective Items Sample 1 You are Neha / Naresh G-5, Sunder Apartment, Rohini. You bought a LED TV from Sargam Eletronics, Pitampura. Write a complaint letter for its non-functioning to the Sales Manager seeking immediate replacement or repair. G-5, Sunder Apartment, Rohini 18 May, 2018 The Sales Manager Sargam Electronics Pitampura, Delhi Subject : Complaint of Defective LED TV. Sir, I had purchased an LED TV 32 inches of Sony Company last month. Its cash memo no is 1192 dated 15-4-2018. I have purchased it on your recommendation of it being the best brand under LED's. You assured me of its superior quality and functioning. Till 8 May its service was satisfactory. Thereafter it started creating problems. The pictures start flickering on the screen, small lines appear and picture becomes hazy. Irritable noise comes from TV whenever we switch it on. You have given two years warranty on this set. It is not possible to bear with it for a long time. I request you to either replace it immediately or send your mechanic for its repair as early as possible. Yours truly, Neha / Naresh Sample 2 Rajnish Verma of 150, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi bought a Frost-free Godrej Regrigerator of 265 litres from Better Deal, C.R. Arora market, new Delhi. Having used it for about a month, he finds that the freezing section of the Refrigerator is not working at all. Write a letter to the Sales manager of the firm complaining about it and requesting for the piece to be replaced. The Refrigerator has been given two year warranty against any technical fault. 150, Vasant Kunj New Delhi Oct 28, 2020 M/s Better Deal C.R. Arora Market, New Delhi Sub: Complaint about the Frost-free Refrigerator Dear Sir, I purchased a Frost-free Godrej Refrigerator of 300 litres from your shop , vide receipt no. 35021, dated October, 15, 2020. This refrigerator carries a two-year warranty against any technical defect. I regret to state that the refrigerator started giving strange sound since yesterday. Moreover, its automatic freezing section has also stopped functioning. As a result, no ice is formed and no cooling takes place inside the Refrigerator. The product is under 2 years warranty against any technical fault. You are therefore requested to replace the Refrigerator at your own cost under the terms and conditions of the sale. Awaiting your quick action in this regard. Thanking You, Regards, Rajnish Verma. SAMPLE OF PLACING ORDER As Manager of Nahid Akhtar & Sons, Tiruchi, place an order with M/S Hiram Electrical Company, whose quotation you have already received. 30, Central Market Tiruchi Oct 24, 2020 Ref. No. NAS/29/9235-45/2356 The Manager M/S Hiram Electrical Company Hyderabad Sub: Order for Electrical fans Dear Sir, Thank you very much for your quotation No. HES/54/86-87/7432, dated Oct 15, 2020 for electric fans of Orient Make. we are very glad to place an order with you in response to the same for supply of the following items: Ceiling Fans 56" 15 Ceiling Fans 48 " 10 Ceiling Fans 36" 10 The fans mentioned above should have warranty period of three years. In the event of any defect being detected within the warranty period, you are liable to replace or repair at your own cost. Kindly make arrangement to deliver these fans at the earliest by courier service. As soon as the products reach us, we shall credit the total cost in your bank account. Awaiting your early response, Regards, XXXXXX Manager Nahid Akhtar & Sons Sample 3 Draft a suitable reply acknowledging the above order ( Replying for the order placed) 15, New Market Hyderabad Oct 29, 2020 Ref. No. NAS/29/9235-45/2356 The Manager M/s Nahid Akhtar & Sons 30, Central Market Tiruchi Dear Sir, We thank you for your letter No. NAS/29/9235-45/2356 dated, Oct 29, 2020 placing an order for various Orient Fans. We assure you that the order will be executed to your entire satisfaction. The omission of mention of the customary guarantee in our earlier letter, dated Oct 15,2020 was merely an oversight , which is highly regretted. We hereby guarantee for a period of five years for all the fans ordered and delivered. If there develops any defect in these due to faulty material or in their manufacture, the fans would be replaced free of cost without any other expenses. Kindly inform us in case you do not receive the consignment by Nov 2nd, 2020. Assuring you of our prompt service, Yours Faithfully, XXXXXXX Manager Hiram Electrical Company PATTERN OF CANCELLATION OF ORDER Sender’s address ------------------------ Date The Sales Manager ______________ ______________ Subject - Cancellation an order for supply of__________. Sir, With reference to our previous orderNo..................dated...............regarding supply of ___________may please be treated as cancelled since the same has not been supplied by you till date. In reality you have dishonored the terms and conditions resulting a loss to our company as we could not supply the said material/articles further to our clients. Please treat our order cancelled as we are arranging the supply from some other source. Your sincerely Name Designation Sample Letter As General manager, Grand Insurance Co. Ltd. 137, Goodwood Street, Playtown 3, Write to Platic Leaders , manufacturing of plastic wares, 33, Jinna road, Straytown 5 cancelling your order as the delivery date has expired. 137, Goodwood Playtown 3 Ref No. FCI/95/3/5432 M/S Plastic Leaders 33, Jinna Road Straytown-3 Sub: Cancellation of order Dear Sir, Please refer to our order no FCI/95/3/5432, dated Oct 15, 2020 for supply of certain plastic goods manufactured by you. We regret to inform you that the goods ordered by us have not reached us till date despite several reminders given to you. It is very surprising that there was no reply from your end about this matter. As the due date for the receipt of goods as promised by you has expired two weeks back, our orders as mentioned above may be treated as cancelled. Regards, XXXXX General Manager Grand Insurance company Ltd. LETTERS TO EDITOR These letters give suggestions/create awareness on an issue of public interest or an issue already raised in an article / write up. Points to Remember • Draw the attention of the concerned authorities/general public towards the problem, NOT the Editor. • Request the concerned authorities to take the action NOT to the editor. It is not a direct request. • While dealing with social/civic problems provide suggestions to curb or control it in the end. • Raise the issue by citing some latest news / items / Survey report / personal experience etc. • Analyze the issue in terms of its causes and consequences. • Conclusion to be positive, straightforward with pleasant tone and use of polite language. Example : You are Rekha / Rakesh, a student of Bharti Public School Class XII. The students are required to cope up with a lot of stress in todays' competitive environment. Write a letter to the editor highlighting increasing stress faced by students and suggesting ways and means to combat it. Bharti Public School, Delhi 6 July 2018 The Editor The Times of India Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg New Delhi-110002 Sub. : Problem of Increasing Stress Faced by Students Sir, Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper I would like to express my views on the problem of increasing stress among the students due to highly competitive environment. Today's world is full of competition. Every now and then a child is assessed on different parameters. Parents expect a lot from their children. They want their children to excel in all the fields such as studies, sports and co-curricular activities. Everyone wants their children to be a doctor or an engineer. The result is that children are unduly stressed and burdened. All day long they are indulged in completing their homework and studies and no time is left for games and sports. It is high time we should ponder upon this problem. Students should be involved in games, sports and yoga to combat stress. Parents should not pressurize their children for performing excellently in studies. Meditation can be practised for keeping stress at bay. Yours sincerely, Rekha / Rakesh Application for Job Points to Remember • Job application has two parts- (a) covering letter (b) Resume/Biodata • Start body of the letter giving source of information about the job (newspaper) day, date, advertisement number etc. • Share your interest and competence level. • Close the letter giving note that Bio-data / resume is enclosed. • Write 10-12 points in Bio-Data • Bio-data / Resume, Curriculum Vitae is integral part of the job application. Bio-data should include : Name 2. Father's Name 3. Date of Birth/Age 4. Address 5. Hobbies 6. Language Known 7. Nationality 8. Educational Qualifications: (a) Years, Marks and Subjects of the candidate, Name of University etc. 9. Professional Qualifications 10. Experience 11. Salary Expected 12. Reference - At least 2 references Example : You are Sudha / Sudhir resident of A-7, Shanti Park. You read the following advertisements in a newspaper. Draft an application in response to the advertisement giving your detailed resume. SITUATION VACANT Wanted a young and experienced graduate with fluency in English and Hindi to work as receptionist at Customer Care booths of NCR Groups of Hotels, Delhi. Contact Manager along with your complete C.V. within 7 days of this advertisement. A-7, Shanti Park Delhi 16 December, 2018 The Manager NCR Group of Hotels Delhi Subject : Application for the Post of Receptionist. Dear Sir, In response to your advertisement in the Hindustan times dated December, 2019 for the post of receptionist, I hereby offer my candidature for the same. I possess requisite qualifications and experience. I want to join your hotels to fully utilize my potential. You may call me for an interview on any date as per your convenience. I shall be able to join my duties at one month's notice if appointed. I am enclosing my detailed resume for your perusal. Mr. Ashok Kumar Principal AB Public School, Delhi Resume / Bio Data Name : Sudha / Sudhir Father's Name : Mr. Subhas Age : 25 Years Address : A-7, Shanti Park, Delhi Hobbies : Music, Net Surfing, Photography, Sports. Languages Known : Hindi, English Nationality : Indian Educational Qualifications : Passed Secondary Exam. from CBSE with 8.5 CGPA Passed Senior Secondary Exam. from CBSE with distinction Passed Graduation from Delhi University with first division. Professional Qualification : Diploma in Computers from Aptech with first division. Experience : Worked as receptionist with ABC group of companies for 2 years. Expected Salary : Negotiable References : 1. Dr. Mohit Aggarwal (Surgeon), GTB Hospital, Delhi 2. Mr. Ashok Kumar Principal AB Public School, Delhi ibliography: 1. Communication Skills-A Practical Approach by Hema Srinivasan ( Frank Bros & CO. ) 2. English Core, Class XI , Support Material issued by DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION Govt. of NCT, Delhi.

CBSE Marking Scheme: Article/ Report Writing_ descriptive and analytical in nature, based on verbal inputs. Word Limit: 120-150 words. One out of the two ( article or report ) given questions to be answered. Distribution of Marks Format : 1 Content : 2 Expression : 2 What is an Article? An Article is a piece of writing on a specific topic forming an independent opinion expressed by a writer. It is the most advanced form of writing which presents information in a variety of theme. Points to Remember 1. Give an appropriate Title - Write the Heading/Title at the top with the writer's name a) First letter of every word capital e.g. Pollution A Menace b) Eye catching c) Should give crisp idea of theme 2. Mention writer's name 3. In case of news paper article give date & place 4. Divide the article into three parts i.e. split your subject matter into 3-4 paragraphs Part-1 – Introduction beginning - mention briefly the status of the issue use stating facts or quotation do around in the middle Part-2 – Analyse the topic in terms of types / kinds Causes and effect Problem (if any) Consequences Positive / Negative effects Related Information / Statistical date Implications - social / environmental / psychological / health related. Part 3 – Conclusion- suggestions / remedial measures / reminders / compare and contrast 5. Organise the ideas in a logical orders, with systematic presentation 6. Predictions and personal observations maybe included 7. Pay attention to grammatical accuracy and good use of vocabulary 8. Use sentence linkers to ensure continuity - e.g. Consequently similarly, 'finally' moreover' etc.. 9. Word limit 150 to 200 words. 10. Create rough work – First jot all the ideas, second make sequence and third join all the ideas with linkers and cohesive words. 11. For good article writing, it is important to read/ speak, listen to radio shows, panel discussions, explore latest live data, newspaper and do consistent sharing of day to day experiences. Sample Articles: 1. DEGENERATION OF MORAL ETHICS IN TODAY'S SOCIETY By Shilpi What a piece of work is Man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculties! Inform and moving, how expressive and admirable! In action, how like an angel! In apprehension, how like a God The beauty of the world! The paragon of animals. Shakespeare's evocation of the infinite faculties of man, represents full faith of his age in man's ability to scale the height of thought, love and beauty. It is an obvious fact that the essence of all human relationship is basically founded upon the presence or absence of values. It is unfortunate that in today's world there is a gradual erosion of the values among people. It is depressing to see the newspaper early in the morning to witness various murders and rape cases. People are just fulfilling their desires and needs. They forget their values and duties towards society and country. If they see an accident nobody wants to touch the injured person. Modern generation Children learn to smoke believing that it is just another habit like existing. They learn to drink convincing themselves that it is good for their health. They learn to cheat, thinking that they can bring about great performance at the end. They believe that there is nothing wrong in filling a divorce and pushing children in orphanages and old parents to old age homes. The need of the hour is to inculcate moral values among our students. Our elderly people who live a life of simplicity and contentment with a generous, kind and compassionate mind can inculcate good values by regularly taking them to place of meditation where these children can learn to remain focused and goal oriented. Spending quality time with growing children, constant adult supervision can do wonders in changing the mindset of children. So it is in the hands of individual to focus upon a real change in order to live better, to lead a happy, peaceful and contended life just like our ancestors did and we can make the world a better place to live, in so that posterity can echo Shakespeare's words. How any godly creatures are there? How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world That hath such people in it. Sample Q2. Make in India’ an initiative by government of India. It intends to create employment for the youth of India and help brings best practices to Indian business. Write an article in about 150-200 words for a business magazine on its impact to create employment for the youth of India. You are Neha. MAKE IN INDIA By Neha Introduction: Make in India is the name of the initiative by government of India to give more incentive to business (both in India and abroad) to manufacture goods (eg: automobiles) in Indian shores. To lure businesses to set shop in India, government of India plans to cut excessive formality and routine which involves setting a business in India. Goals of Make in India : Make in India intends to create employment for the youth of India and help bring best practices to Indian business. The initiative also aims at high quality standards and minimising the impact on the environment. The initiative hopes to attract capital and technological investment in India. Impact : Already we observe that India’s rank in ease-in-doing business has improved. Further, manufacturing sector has seen an upswing with key sectors such as defence seeing huge participation from foreign investors. Suggestions: 'Make in India’s success lies in making the small and medium enterprises foster. Thus, 'Make in India' should not only focus on big business but also to the neglected small and medium enterprises (SMEs) so that rural India can reap the benefit as much as the developed parts of India. Further, domestic business must be protected from big multi national chains, so that an equitable growth is ensured at all fronts. Sample Q3 Example: Now a days Teenagers are loosing track of the real world and are getting immersed in the virtual world of internet. Write an article in 150- 200 words on Effect of Internet on Teenagers. Your are Namita/Navin of Sarvodaya Vidyalaya. Effect of Internet on Teenagers By Namita/Navin We live in an era where internet has percolated our very essence of life. So be it the smartphones or laptops, one has access to the internet which gives access to all kinds of information that can be used fruitfully as well as in a destructive manner. Out of all the people who use internet for fulfilling their everyday needs, requirements as well as entertainment purposes, teenagers are often seen to be the biggest contributors to the use of internet. These teenagers often fall prey to cyber bullying, cyber crimes and at the very least, these teenagers lose track of the real world and get immersed in this vast ocean of internet. Not only do their grades suffer, but they also incur a severe dent on their personal and mental well being too. Awareness programmes should be run at school level while parents must put in concerned efforts to sensitize their young children on the perils of internet and its excessive usage. It is prudent to monitor the search history of teenagers so that parents may gauge if their kid is using the net for the right purposes or not. Emphasis should be given on real life interactions and friendships while keeping internet social networking to its minimal best. For Practice: Q4. Education doesn't mean only providing degree. Schools play an important role to inculcate moral values in students. Using the following verbal inputs write an article in 150-200 words on the topic "Value Education in School." You are Meera/Manoj. Value Points • education must be value based. • part of the curriculum in schools education compulsory upto secondary level • value education remains distant dream • young boys and girls going astray-reduced to walking computers. • material prosperity-only aim of life • cable TVs demand pollutes young minds negatively • need for morals education-value based education-build-character and morals. • steps taken in school-Assembly-5 mins talk regarding importance of moral and values in life. • Special prizes awarded to-most disciplined student, well behaved student, integrity Club, Guest lectures, etc. Q5. You are Vipin / Vineeta. You have just visited a glass factory which employs children. You have witnessed the awful condition of the children there and their place of work. You also recount the child labourers engaged in carpet and cracker industry, brick-kilns, road side restaurants and as domestic helps. Inspite of strict laws you find it appalling that many people in educated society want the practice of child labourers to continue to fulfil their selfish motives. Write an article in about 150–200 words advocating a total ban on child labour. Suggested Value Points Para I : Introduction : Children below the age of 14 engaged in various types of work in homes, hotels. garages and factories. Millions of children work as child labourers and are devoid of school education. Para II Cause : Poverty is one of the main causes, other causes are – Parents illiterate, they are paid less wages, educated people, upper & middle class engage child labourers for their help. Laws are not so strict etc. Para III Effect : Working conditions in their place of work is pathetic. It results in their poor health. Become victims of asthma, high blood pressure, poor eyesight, even becomes blind. Work in dingy cells without proper oxygen Fall in bad habits of smoking and drugs. Para IV : Suggestions Laws should be strictly enforced Serve punishments by law to the employers Joint efforts :– public awareness through media. Suggested Topics for Article Writing Brain Drain Value Education Gender Inequality Cyber World (Boon or Bane) Importance of Sports Print Media or News Channel – Advantages Children Learn What they Live with. COVID-19 and its impact on school education. (Some more topics will be added soon. Keep visiting the website & write your feedback on chatbox/ comment section below) . Reference: Directorate of Education GNCT of Delhi, Delhi Government

Complaint Letter is usually written in the following Cases: Incomplete or defective Order Excess delay in dispatch of the consignment Consignment not received in good condition Wrong consignment delivered. Sample of a Complaint Letter Letters for Practice 1. You had placed an online order for a pair of blue denim jeans with M/S David Jeans Co., Plot no-1134, Midc industrial park, Bandra, Mumbai but have neither received the jeans nor any acknowledgment of the order. Write a letter of complaint to the Customer Care Manager of the company complaining about the non delivery of the jeans. Seek a refund of the money paid if the company is unable to deliver the order in 5 working days. Give necessary details of the order (colour, style and size of jeans, item code number, price and proof of the credit card payment you made for it). 2. You are Ms, Sheela Jain HOD English Cambridge School, Pune. You had placed an order with National Electronics, Dadar Mumbai, for recording equipment for the English lab. When the parcel was received, you observed that only six recorders were sent instead of 10 and three of them did not work. Write a letter of complaint. 3. You are Deepika of Dwarka Delhi. You have bought Samsung Washing Machine from M.S. Electronics India, Lake area Dwarka. After installation it worked well for 2 months but suddenly the spin dry system of the machine stopped working properly. Write a letter to Electronics India giving them the guarantee card number and other details regarding your complaint, asking them to attend to it/replace it. 4. Due to poor maintenance of the existing system of water supply the common people of your city have been hit hard. Write a letter to the Municipal commissioner of your city for a permanent solution to this problem. You are Ashutosh/Ashima resident of 7/23 Kunal Apartments Delhi. 5. Rahul of Bareilly has purchased a Frost free Godrej refrigerator of 265 litres from Lifestyle. Civil Lines, Bareilly after month of purchase the freezing section of the refrigerator has stopped functioning. Write a letter to the sales manager of the firm complaining about it and requesting for the piece to be replaced since there is a two year warranty. 6. The other day you went to the district courts in your city to get a residence certificate made but the staff of the Suvidha centre handling the work not only misbehaved, with you but also refused to accept your application while those of others were being entertained. Now write a letter to the Sub Divisional Magistrate of the Ares, complaining against the staff of the Suvidha Centre for deficient service. Reference: DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION, Govt. of NCT, Delhi