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Q1. What does Mandela thank the international leaders for? Q2. What ideals does Mandela set out for the future of South Africa? Q3. What do the military generals do? How has their attitude changed, and why? Q4. Why were two national anthems sung? Q5. What does courage mean to Mandela? Q6. What “twin obligations” does Mandela mention? Q7. What did being free mean to Mandela as a boy, and as a student? How does he contrast these “transitory freedoms” with “the basic and honourable freedoms”? Q8. Why did such a large number of international leaders attend the inauguration? What did it signify the triumph of? Q9. Would you agree that the “depths of oppression” create “heights of character”? How does Mandela illustrate this? Can you add your own examples to this argument? Q10. How did Mandela’s understanding of freedom change with age and experience? Q11. How did Mandela’s ‘hunger for freedom’ change his life? Q12. When her son dies, Kisa Gotami goes from house to house. What does she ask for? Does she get it? Why not? Q13. What does Kisa Gotami understand the second time that she failed to understand the first time? Was this what the Buddha wanted her to understand? Q14. Why do you think Kisa Gotami understood this only the second time? In what way did the Buddha change her understanding? Q15. How do you usually understand the idea of ‘selfishness’? Do you agree with Kisa Gotami that she was being ‘selfish in her grief ’? Q16. Why do you think Kisa Gotami understood this only the second time? In what way did the Buddha change her understanding?

The Ball Poem What does the boy do when he loses his ball? Why is it useless to tell the boy that there are other balls? What will the boy learn after losing his ball ? Write two points from the poem to support your answer. What does the poet mean when he says that money is external? What does the poet mean by the phrase ' World of Possessions'? Why does the poet say that he would not intrude on the boy? What does the poet mean when he says ' every man must one day know'.? What was the reaction of the boy at the loss of his ball? Amanda Mention four things that Amanda is asked not to do. How does Amanda compare herself with a mermaid? How does Amanda relate herself with Rapunzel? Why does Amanda imagine herself to be an orphan? Why do you think stanzas 2, 4, and 6 are given in parenthesis? Explain any two instances of imagery used in the poem. ( e.g. mermaid, orphan, Rapunzel? Why do you think Amanda is lost in the world of her thought in the course of the poem? Animals Why does the poet prefer the company of animals ? Explain any four points of comparison between human beings and animals. Why are humans unhappy according to the poet? How are animals shown to be different in the poem? Explain the line ' Did I pass that way huge times ago and negligently drop them? ' Explain in the context of the poem. What are the tokens that the poet says he may have dropped long ago? Why does the poet say that humans have the mania of owning things? Note: Dear Students, Prepare the answers of these questions as a 20-mark test will be taken on Monday/Tuesday ( according to your timetable) on these questions. Any ten questions will come from the above worksheet. Extract Questions will be uploaded after the test on Monday/Tuesday as per your timetable.

What is a Determiner? A determiner is a word that shows number, quantity, possession, place/positions etc. A determiner is placed before a noun. A determiner is used to identify or quantify a noun. Singular nouns always need a determiner. In plural nouns, the determiner is optional. Determiners may or may not be used with uncountable nouns depending on context. For example, much water Examples Identifiers: This book, that boy, these girls, those flowers. This, that, these , those identify nouns like book, boy, girls, flowers etc. Quantifiers: A toy, an egg, one boy, two boys , all girls, any man, either book, some women , both the girls, another child, every man, each boy, neither boy, few boys , many mangoes, little water, much sugar, more toys, most men, no man , several dolls, enough money , such boys etc. There are about 50 different determiners in the English language which include: Exercise: Here are a few questions and statements written down by the Cultural Secretary, that she/he needs to share. Tick the correct words from those given in brackets. (a) How (much/many) (chair/chairs) do we need? (b) (Much/ Several) (schools/ schools) will be participating. (c) (Several/much) (student/students) have arrived. (d) How (much/many) (information/ informations) does this brochure give? (e) We have only (a few/ a little) sponsors for (some/ much) events. (Reference: https://cbse.nic.in/publications/interact_in_english_wb_ix) Exercise Fill up the blanks with suitable determiners: 1. I read ______ books last night. 2. I didn't buy ______ vegetables today. 3. I want to have ______ water . 4. There are trees on ______ side of the roads. 5. Do you need _____ money? 6. This is ________ house. 7. Do you like _____ new house which I bought last night? 8 There are _____ students in the school today. 9. Please put ____ sugar in my coffee. 10. ______ Men make mistakes. 11. ________ books I had were all burnt. 12. There is _______ sugar left in the bowl. 13. I like ______ kind of music. 14. I can't get on well with ______ people. 15. ______ knowledge is a dangerous thing. Consider Visiting our Grammar Home Page Here for more Topics and Worksheets.

What is a Letter of Enquiry? A letter is a formal letter which is written to make enquiries about an event, product, service, admission to a school/college or an Institution. Points to Remember: Show interest in products/services/organization in which you are writing letter. Adopt a formal, precise and polite tone in your draft. You can enquire about product/services/course fee/accommodation/ infrastructure/placement etc. Conclude your letter soliciting for an early response. Sample of a Letter of Enquiry Exercise for Practice: 1. On behalf of the Gymnastic club of your school. Write a letter of inquiry to the manufacturing/supplying company to inquire if they will be able to supply 200 sets of costumes in one month time. 2. The science club in your District is organising a science Exhibition. You are Adit, the President of the science club in your school. Your team wants to participate in model making and Quiz competition. Write a letter of Inquiry to find out about the information, rules etc. 3. A poster making competition has been organised in your city. Write a letter to the organiisers making enquiries about the same. Invent all necessary details. 4. You are Amit Gupta, 12/B, Ashok Vihar, Delhi. Write a letter of inquiry to Daksh Coaching. I Mount Road, Pitampura, inquiring about the course offered by the Institute, timing fee. faculty etc. 5. Write a letter to the Director, Nehru College of Aeronautics, New Delhi, making inquiries about the Engineering Courses, commencement time, duration of courses, fee. mode of fee payments, etc. You are Peter Samson/Anna Aggarwal, Mohali, and Chandigarh. Reference: DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION , Govt. of NCT, Delhi

ENGLISH CORE ( 301) CLASS XII Max Marks 100 Time 3 Hrs. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: 1. This Question paper is divided into two sections. Part A consists of all Objective Type Questions & Part B comprises Subjective type questions. 2. Answer each section together. 3. Adhere to word limits given in writing and literature sections. 4. For MCQ questions all the answers need to be written in full sentences. Don't write only Option Number. 1/2 Mark will be deducted for each question if you don’t write both a full word/phrase/sentence and the number containing the word. PART A ( OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS) 1.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: (10 M) The newest stress buster is paper yoga. Adults are now changing over from their smartphones to colouring books to beat anxiety and relax. They spend hours hunched over the drawing of mandalas filling in their words into the circle, with colours. These adult colouring books are classified in the adult category and are becoming fast selling items as people reach out to them to relax their minds. And it is ot just mandala drawings that in vogue. Others settle for elaborate landscapes, cultural tableaux, brimming with images of dancers, singers and concerts. Involutes of various shapes also make up this list. Just as the demand has kept growing, there are also authors who are much in demand for their relaxing creations. Leading in this field is Johanna Basford, who has sold 1.4 million copies of her books ‘Secret Garden’, Enchanted Forest’ and ‘Lost Ocean’, in a matter of just two years. More bookstores have now started stocking such books as customers are asking for them. Publishers now contend that it is not just celebrity authors in this category but any book with the tag line ‘de-stress’ has a ready made market for it. Another reason for the success of these books is that they are multilingual in the way that they speak to adults of all age groups, cultures and dispositions. Each nursery teacher is fast becoming customers of these books not because they are overworked, but because of the fun that even five-year olds are having with these coloring books. The new trend has been dubbed ‘paper Yoga’. While the junior versions of these books hold simple generously proportioned patterns that allow for a child’s broad strokes, the adult variants typically have tight kaleidoscopes that require a fine pen and a staunch eye. As they do not require special skills to execute , publishers are marketing it with the tagline that their target customer is anyone who can draw satisfaction from something beautiful . The skills of drawing and colouring or conceptualization, essentials for the art of drawing, are not in this list of requirements. Thys the phobia of being an expert or amateur is not a deterrent. So far publishers have had to import their stock as there are not sufficient titles available. But illustrators are fast catching up with this trend and some have even ventured into self-publishing in this line. Others are innovating still more meaningful inputs into this work by asking customers to bring their own experiences to the book. Individual stories of success are making an appearance too. Illustrator Indu Harikumar started her self-published colouring book, ‘Beauty Needs Space’, on social media. She priced a copy of 12 art works at 1500 each and sold 155 of the 200 she had printed. ‘People have written to say that they connected with the book as they worked on it.’ While adults are discovering their inner selves through this creative pursuit, art-based therapeutics warn against expecting too much from these books for saving lives or minds. At best, they calm the mind and are a temporary diversion, for the mind and cut off the noise of clamouring thoughts. These books they claim can offer therapeutic returns only when used in conjunction with a therapist’s counsel. As yet the entire process is undergoing testing time but whatever little of it has emerged, is being hailed as a step in the positive direction. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, complete the statements given below with the help of options that follow: (a) Adults spend hours over their mandalas _________ (i) colouring them (ii) filling in the words into them (iii) filling in messages into them (iv) writing their life history in them. (b) Johanna Basford named her colouring books _______ (i) Basford Gardens, Secret Garden (ii) Paper Yoga, Beauty Needs Space (iii) Enchanted Forest, Paper Boats (iv) Secret Garden, Enchanted Forest, Lost Ocean (c) Indu Harikumar started her colouring book _______ (i) on the social media (ii) in public spaces (iii) in school classrooms (iv) in international meets. (d) Colouring books can serve best if combined with ______ (i) A temporary diversion of the mind (ii) working on social media (iii) a therapist’s counsel (iv) without a therapist’s advice (e) People wrote to Harikumar saying that they ________ (i) could not connect with her books. (ii) found the price of the books steep (iii) connected with the books as they worked on it. (iv) lost their interest while going through the books. (f) The title of Indu Harikumar’s self published colouring book is _____ (i) Beauty Needs Space.’ (ii) Enchanted Forest, Paper Boats (iii) Secret Garden (iv) None of the above. (g) The leading author of adult colouring books is _____ (i) Indu Harikumar (ii) Johanna Basford (iii) Jonathan Swift (iv) None of the above (h) The colouring books are called multi-lingual because they are written in different languages. (i) True’ (ii) False (iii) Evidence not sufficient. (i) The word which has similar meaning as the word ‘ curative’ in para 7 is (i) therapeutic (ii) pursuit (iii) clamouring (iv) counsel (j) The word which has similar meaning as the word ‘ non-specialist’ in para 4 is ___ (i) amateur (ii) deterrent (iii) phobia (iv) kaleidoscope Q2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: (10 M) India is the world’s most populous democracy and will, by 2030, be the most populous country, overtaking China. And it is young — there are more Indian 10-year-olds than there are Australians. With more than a dozen distinct languages, scripts and religions, India is multiculturalism on the grandest scale. And to sustain a vibrant modern democracy, surely India is one of the greatest political achievements of our times. Once you appreciate its size, you see its potential. Think of all those 10-year-olds who will one day be voting in India’s elections and who will also, one day, belong to India’s middle class, the engine of its booming economy.Put all that together and it’s easy to understand why India will play a central role in our region and the world and, I hope for Australians, it is easier to see why the relationship between our two countries has never been more important. That formal relationship began for many Australians in 1950, when Robert Menzies became the first Australian leader to visit independent India. Since then, both countries have been transformed. Now we must turn our attention to transforming the relationship to one that matches India’s huge needs and its enormous potential with our people, Australia’s best assets, as well as our resources and our shared democratic traditions. I am delighted to be taking up Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s invitation to make my first official visit to India as Prime Minister, from April 9-12. Three focus areas During the visit we will focus on three areas of our relationship that show great potential: our economic, knowledge and strategic partnerships. India is inspiring the world with its explosive economic growth. Its economic take-off is lifting millions out of poverty, transforming the country into the world’s fastest-growing major economy, with forecasted growth of 7.5% in 2017. This is a stunning result for India, and a rare opportunity for Australia. From Mumbai to Melbourne, from Bengaluru to Brisbane, India will be in the market to buy some of the best things Australia has to offer. Two-way trade is growing, and approaching $20 billion, but that’s far too low and there’s so much more we can do. This will be a key focus of my visit. I’ll meet with executives from some of India’s biggest companies, and speak with Australian entrepreneurs in India who are expanding their market reach into this extraordinary country. The Government will announce the results of the tenth round of the Australia-India Strategic Research Fund. Worth more than $100 million, this initiative has enabled our sharpest minds to collaborate in areas such as food security and health, and advance the boundaries of human knowledge in quantum computing, nanotechnology and astronomy. By combining our talents, we can add to the technological achievements already made in both our countries. As an education destination For decades our citizens have been criss-crossing the Indian Ocean in search of knowledge. Last year, Australia was the second-most popular study destination for Indian students — 60,000 came to Australia to learn. Through the Government’s New Colombo Plan, I want to see more and more young Australians choosing India as a place to study and boost their own qualifications and experience. India’s demand for our minerals and resources remains high. But education is a new pathway to shared prosperity. Consider the numbers — the Indian Government is aiming to train 400 million people by 2022. We can help them achieve this goal. A great strength of our education relationship is found in the higher education and research sector. Collaboration between our institutes on high-end research, innovation, science and technology are central to developing our knowledge partnership.Having met twice already, Mr. Modi and I know that our close economic cooperation is also matched by shared strategic priorities. The security and stability of the Indo-Pacific is fundamental to both of us and my visit provides an opportunity to discuss key regional and geostrategic issues and strengthen our engagement. As liberal democracies, we can work together to encourage free trade and prosperity and to help safeguard security and the rule of law in our region. The Indian link At home, we are lucky that India — its culture, its art, its food, its people — has become such a large and important part of Australian life. Half a million Australians are of Indian descent. That number increases each year. Whether it’s Little India in Melbourne, Diwali celebrations in Brisbane, or the long-established Sikh community on the North Coast of New South Wales, modern Australia, the most successful multicultural society in the world, could not be imagined without the contribution of Indian-Australians. (Source: The Hindu) (1). According to the given passage, which of the following statements regarding 'Robert Menzies ' is correct? (a) He is the current Prime Minister of Australia. (b) He was the first Australian leader to visit independent India. (c) He is the current Defence Minister of Australia. (d) He was the first Anglo-Indian leader to visit Australia in 1950. (2). Consider the following statements regarding 'India' as described by the writer I. India will be the most populous country by 2030. II. India is one of the greatest political achievements of the world. III. Currently, India is the biggest defence partner of Australia. Which of the above statements given above is/are correct? (a) I and II only (b) II and III only (c) I and III only (d) All are Correct (3). What is the worth of the tenth round of the Australia-India Strategic Research Fund? (a) $ 400 Million (b) $ 50 Million (c) $ 100 Million (d) $ 300 Million (4). The writer of the above passage is visiting India on the invitation of (a) CM of Maharashtra (b) Vice-President (c) President (d) Prime Minister (5). Currently, the two way trade between India and Australia is (a) $ 100 Million (b) $ 20 Billion (c) $ 100 Billion (d) $ 200 Million (6) Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Australia in context with India? (a) Last year, Australia was the second-most popular study destination for Indian students. (b) Half a million Australians are of Indian Origin (c) Last year, Australia was the most popular study destination for Indian students (d) Both (a) and (b) (7). Choose the word/words which is Most Similar to the word printed in bold in the passage. Booming (a) Failing (b) Growing (c) Profitable (d) Thunderous (8). Choose the word/words which is Most Similar to the word printed in bold in the passage. Vibrant (a) Spirited (b) Pale (c) Sluggish (d) Zippy (9). Choose the word which is Most Opposite to the word printed in bold in the passage . Delighted (a) Captivated (b) Entranced (c) Ecstatic (d) Melancholy (10). Choose the word which is Most Opposite to the word printed in bold in the passage. Descent (a) Plunge (b) Droop (c) Ascent (d) Swoop Q3. Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow. 4 ...and felt that old familiar ache, my childhood’s fear, but all I said was, see you soon, Amma, all I did was smile and smile and smile... . (a) What does the poem revolve around? (i) Kamala Das’s feelings for her mother (ii) her own insecurities (iii) advancing old age and the expected end (iv) poetess’s journey (b) What was the poet’s childhood fear? (i) losing her mother (ii) losing her sibling (iii) shifting from one school to another (iv) losing a friend (c) Choose an example of alliteration from the following. (i) like winter’s moon (ii) trees sprinting (iii) smile and smile and smile (iv) none (d) The expression ‘smile and smile and smile’ signifies something about the poet. What is it? (i) Be optimistic about life. (ii) The poet is trying to hide her fears behind her smile. (iii) Smile and win the hearts. (iv) Embrace difficulties with a smile. Q4. Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow. 4 The paper seeming boy, with rat’s eyes. The stunted, unlucky heir Of twisted bones, reciting a father’s gnarled disease, His lesson, from his desk. At back of the dim class One unnoted sweet and young. His eyes live in a dream, Of squirrel’s game, in tree room, other than this. (a) Who is the stunted unlucky heir being referred to here? (i) a boy (ii) a random student of the class (iii) the diseased boy (iv) none (b) What is the meaning of ‘reciting a father’s gnarled disease’? (i) reciting something about the disease (ii) the disease got as inheritance from his father (iii) feeling dejected about the misfortune (iv) thinking about the father (c) What kind of looks are these children representing? (i) rich (ii) robust (iii) poor (iv) malnourished (d) His eyes live in a dream. What is the boy dreaming about? (i) of an outdoor life filled with better times (ii) about going out for a picnic (iii) about flying in an airplane (iv) about watching a comedy show Q5. Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow. 4 “There is no school in my neighbourhood. When they build one, I will go.” “If I start a school, will you come?” I ask, half-joking. “Yes,” he says, smiling broadly. A few days later, I see him running up to me. “Is your school ready?” ‘It takes longer to build a school.” I say, embarrassed at having made a promise that was not meant. But promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world. (a) Between whom is the conversation going on in the above extract? (i) two friends (ii) the author and her friend (iii) the author and Mukesh (iv) Saheb and the author (b) What was the author embarrassed about? (i) about having made a false promise (ii) about raising the boy’s hopes (iii) about talking to him about a non-existent school (iv) all of these (c) For whom is the world bleak? (i) beggars (ii) poverty-stricken children (iii) small shop owners (iv) road-side vendors (d) Promises that are not fulfilled are (i) special (ii) heartbreaking (iii) hollow (iv) both (ii) and (iii) Q6. Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow. 4 ‘‘If we sheltered a white man in our house we should be arrested and if we turned him over as a prisoner, he would certainly die,’’ Sadao said. ‘‘The kindest thing would be to put him back into the sea,’’ Hana said. But neither of them moved. They were staring with a curious repulsion upon the inert figure. (a) Why would they be arrested if they sheltered a white man? (i) they would have been labelled as traitors (ii) Japan was at war with America (iii) the white man was an American (iv) all of the above (b) If they turned him over as a prisoner, he would certainly die. What made them say that he would die? (i) he looked sick (ii) he was terribly wounded and was bleeding (iii) he was emaciated (iv) his body was thin and frail (c) What did Hana suggest would to be the kindest thing? (i) he be taken inside (ii) an emergency surgery to be done (iii) he be thrown back into the sea (iv) he be left on his own (d) “But neither of them moved.” What does this statement indicate about their state? (i) they were frozen to death (ii) they were too shocked to move (iii) one was waiting for the other to move first (iv) there was a dilemma going on in their minds Q7. Attempt any eight questions : 1x8=8 (i) Choose the statement that is NOT TRUE with reference to Douglas a. Douglas’s fear kept him away from leisurely activities in water. b. The fall in the pool at YMCA taught Douglas a life lesson. c. The fear of drowning was the source of Douglas’s anxiety and terror. d. Douglas decided to practice relentlessly to overcome his fear. (ii) Concluding his last lesson by writing ‘Vive la France!’ on the blackboard shows that M. Hamel a. was overwhelmed with emotions. b. wanted to distract all attending class that day. c. was keen on not leaving the country. d. wanted to teach French participles through it. (iii) . Saheb’s discarded and worn out tennis shoes are a. an indication to procure different ones. b. a dream come true. c. a sign of his poverty. d. an insult to the sport itself. (iv) In the poem, My Mother at Sixty-six, all that the poet did was smile and smile and smile…, Her smile is a. sudden, in response to her mother’s. b. meaningful and loaded with love. c. accompanied with tears of farewell. d. put on to cheer her mother. (v) ‘Keeping Quiet’ uses fishermen to symbolize man’s a. persistent pollution of the natural environment. b. rapid degradation of human values. c. limitless exploitation of natural resources. d. constant participation in acts of terror. (vi) Why is Shakespeare called ‘wicked’? a. He uses wicked words b. He uses wicked characters in his poem/plays. c. He has no relevance to the learning needs of children. d. None of the above. (vii) In which context is the word ‘catacombs’ used in the poem? a. Slum is the cemetery for children. b. Cemetery shut the dead bodies c. Slums outside the windows of classrooms is like catacombs. d. All the above. (viii) The poet advises us not to do two things while keeping quiet. What are these? a. Not to speak and quarrel. b. Not to move our arms and weapons. c. Not to speak and move our arms. d. All the above. (ix) What does 'sudden strangeness' mean? a. strangeness which is sudden b. moment of sudden blissful quietness c. a moment of sudden blissful experience. d. Both 3 & 4 above. PART B ( SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS) Q8. Attempt ANY ONE of the following. (1x5=5) (A)You are Sameera/Sameer the owner of Pink Power, a café run only by women. You are looking for an interior designer to design the interiors of the café. Draft a suitable advertisement for the same, in about 50 words to be published in the classified columns of the National Daily, the local newspaper. OR (B) You are Rachael/Rueben, President of the Wellness Cell of your school. You decide to organise a workshop, to raise awareness of the importance of mental health. This workshop would be conducted by the school counsellor. Write a notice in about 50 words, informing the students of class XI-XII about the workshop. Q9. Attempt ANY ONE of the following. (1x5=5) (A) You are Dr. Stanzin, a certified art therapist from Leh. You have been invited by G. D Public School, Jammu, to conduct a seminar for students on ‘Art Therapy the Way Forward”. This seminar is to introduce students to the usefulness of art dealing with personal and social problems. Write your reply, in about 50 words accepting the invitation. OR (B)You are Rukmini/ Raja of R-201, Fort Road, Chennai. You have just purchased a new house. You decide to have a house-warming ceremony and invite your cousin Balaji. Write the invitation in 50 words giving all necessary details. Q10. in our society we do not give our women the respect and status that they deserve. Women are stared at, stalked and even molested. We need to change the male mindset about women . write a letter in 120-150 words to the editor of a national newspaper giving your views on the problem . You are Omar/Amna, A 114 Mall road, Delhi. 8 Marks Q11. While reading about new places and searching for them online has its merits, the advantages of actually travelling to various destinations far exceed them. Write an article in 120-150 words for the magazine Travel Times, evaluating both these options. You may use the cues given below along with your own ideas. You are Amrit/ Amrita. 8 Marks. • Builds confidence • Make friends and memories • Experience new cultures • Expands knowledge Q12. Attempt ANY FOUR out of the six questions given below, in 30-40 words each (2x4=8) (a) How did Franz’s feelings about M. Hamel and school change? (b) Why was Franz not scolded on reaching the school late that day? (c)What forces conspire to keep the workers in the bangle industry of Firozabad in poverty? (d) How is Mukesh different from other bangle makers of Firozabad? (e) Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water? (f) What factors led Douglas to decide in favour of YMCA pool? Q13. Attempt ANY Three out of the six questions given below, in 30-40 words each. (2x3=6) (a)What strange things did the narrator see when he reached the third level of Grand Central? (b) How does the narrator describe Galesburg, Illinois? (c) Why did Dr. Sadao seek Hana’s help to treat the US soldier? (d) What solution did Hana offer to resolve Dr. Sadao’s predicament? (e)How did Hana react when she saw a messenger at the door in official uniform? (f) Give two reasons why Dr. Sadao was not sent with the troops abroad? Q14.Attempt ANY Three of the following questions in 120-150 words. (2x3=6) a) Why has the mother been compared to the late winter’s moon? b) What do the parting words of the poet and her smile signify? c) How does the poet describe the classroom walls? What do they symbolize? d) What does the poet want for children of the slums? How can their lives be made to change? e) Which symbol from nature does the poet invoke that there can be life under apparent stillness? f) Which is the exotic moment that the poet refers to in ‘Keeping Quiet’? Q15. Attempt ANY ONE of the following questions in 120-150 words. (1x5=5) a) The day of the last lesson was full of regret and sadness. Describe the events of the day in the classroom in the light of the above remark. b) The story Deep Water talks about Douglas’ attempts to overcome his fear of water. The story can also be viewed as a figurative manifestation of life’s many challenges. Elaborate with reference to the text. Q13. Attempt ANY ONE of the following questions in 120-150 words (1x5=5) (a) The modern world is full of insecurity, fear, war, worry, tension and stress. What are the ways in which we attempt to overcome them? (b) Good human values are far above any other value system. How did Dr. Sadao succeed as a doctor as well as a patriot? <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< End >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Test Contents Passive Voice Error Correction Antonyms Word Substitution Gap Filling Correct Order of jumbled sentences Idioms 1. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence. Do not park your car in front of my house. A. My house should not be parked in front of your car. B. Your car need not be parked in front of my house. C. Your car could not be parked in front of my house. D. Your car should not be parked in front of my house. 2. Select the word which means the same as the group of words given. A person, animal or plant belonging originally to a place A. Occupant B. Alien C. Native D. Resident 3. Select the antonym of the given word. ESCALATE A. Raise B. Enlarge C. Reduce D. Heighten 4. Select the antonym of the given word. TENDER A. Rough B. Warm C. Gentle D. soft 5. Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank. The State Government argued that it could not _______ the increase in the teachers’ salaries as awarded by the court. A. spare B. get C. stand D. afford 6. Given below are four jumbled sentences. Select the option that gives their correct order. A) That sort of pollution, which ¡s also widespread in other south east Asian nations, regularly kills wildlife like whales and turtles that ingest the waste. B) Environmental groups have tagged the Philippines as one of the world’s biggest ocean polluters due to its reliance on single-use plastic. C) In Thailand also, a whale died last year after swallowing more than 80 plastic bags. D) In the latest case, a whale with 40 kilos of plastic trash in its stomach died on Saturday ¡n southern Philippines where it was stranded a day earlier. A. ABCD B. BADC C. DABC D. BCAD 7. Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank. Scientists at Cambridge University are ______ how plants can give us sustainable energy. A. scrutinizing B. investigating C. inspecting D. looking 8. Select the wrongly spelt word. A. Comparison B. Communication C. Compitition D. Comparable 9. Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence. If no substitution is required, select No improvement. I look for a better job for the last two months, but nothing is in sight. A. have looked for a better job B. looked for a better job C. have been looking for a better job D. No improvement 10. Select the correct active form of the given sentence. The main gate of the building was being guarded by gun-totting guards. A. The main gate of the building were guarding gun-totting guards. B. Gun-totting guards were guarding the main gate of the building. C. Gun-totting guards have been guarding the main gate of the building. D. Gun-totting guards guarded the main gate of the building. 11. In the sentence identify the segment which contains the grammatical error. Due to the Cyclone ldai vast areas of land have been flooded, roads destroyed and communications disrupting in Zimbabwe and Mosambique. A. vast areas of land have been flooded B. roads destroyed C. Due to the Cyclone Idai D. and communications disrupting 12. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. Costs an arm and a leg A. rarely available B. easy to obtain C. nothing to lose D. very expensive 13. Given below are four jumbled sentences. Select the option that gives their correct order. A) The elephant tusks were tracked from the Democratic Republic of Congo for two months. B) Customs officials in Thailand say it’s the biggest seizure in the country’s history. C) Four tonnes of ivory, with a market value of $6 million - it was an impressive haul. D) Officials say they were being transported to Laos, from where they believed the ivory would be sold to customers across Asia. A. CBAD B. ABCD C. ACDB D. CABD 14. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. Get out of hand A. get upset B. give up something C. get out of control D. to complete a task 15. Select the word which means the same as the group of words given. A person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and lives by begging. A. vagrant B. truant C. itinerant D. migrant Answers will be published on January 5, 2020

Dear Aspirants, You can consider revising Subject Verb Agreement, Prepositions, Tenses, Non-finites as a brush-up of the Grammatical Items to improve your score in the following test. Test Contents: Synonyms & Antonyms Idioms Word Substitution Wrongly-Spelled Words Passive Voice Reported Speech One Word Substitution Error Detection 1. Select the antonym of the given word. LIBERTY Ans 1. Independence 2. Deliverance 3. Convenience 4. Dependence 2. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. Back to square one Ans 1. Come to the original point 2. Neglect something 3. Draw a square 4. Move ahead 3. Select the most appropriate word to substitute the underlined word of the given sentence. If substitution is not required select ‘No improvement’. To fight on the battlefield for the sake of one's country needs a great strongness. Ans 1. great courage 2. a lots of strength 3. No improvement 4. the greatest strongness 4. Select the most appropriate word to substitute the underlined word of the given sentence. If substitution is not required select ‘No improvement’. To fight on the battlefield for the sake of one's country needs a great strongness. Ans 1. great courage 2. a lots of strength 3. No improvement 4. the greatest strongness 5. Select the correct active form of the given sentence. This beautiful story was written by Maya. Ans 1. Maya is writing this beautiful story. 2. Maya writes this beautiful story. 3. Maya wrote this beautiful story. 4. Maya was writing this beautiful story. 6. Select the wrongly spelt word. Ans 1. Tamarind 2. Tresure 3. Truthful 4. Turmoil 7. Select the wrongly spelt word. Ans 1. Consumation 2. Compromise 3. Competence 4. Chronology SubQuestion No : 8 Q.8 Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 1 Ans 1. superficial 2. wrong 3. opposite 4. appropriate Q9. Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 2 Ans 1. at 2. in 3. for 4. out Q10. Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 3 Ans 1. facilities 2. qualities 3. advantages 4. damages 11. Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 4 Ans 1. invented 2. discovered 3. managed 4. proposed Q.12 Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 5 Ans 1. parody 2. remedy 3. melody 4. malady Q.13 Select one word for the following group of words. Open refusal to obey orders Ans 1. Defiance 2. Compliance 3. Adherence 4. Obedience Q.14 Select the antonym of the given word. BROAD Ans 1. Narrow 2. Wide 3. Long 4. Large Q.15 In the sentence identify the segment which contains the grammatical error. The boy which stole the money was caught by the police. Ans 1. by the police 2. stole the money 3. The boy which 4. was caught Q.16 Given below are four jumbled sentences. Out of the given options pick the one that gives their correct order. A. “We are going to the market,” declared Reetu and Geetu. B. “Where are you going?” the father asked. C. “Take your umbrella, it is going to rain,” the mother said. D. “Yes, definitely. We will,” replied the two. Ans 1. DCAB 2. ABDC 3. BACD 4. BCDA Q.17 Select the synonym of the given word. PREVENT Ans 1. Allow 2. Construct 3. Avert 4. Provoke Q.18 Given below are four jumbled sentences. Out of the given options pick the one that gives their correct order. A. Eventually, she overcame adversities and achieved success. B. She engaged herself in ‘earn while you learn’, finance scheme in her college. C. She needed financial support to complete her graduation. D. Rama was a very poor girl. Ans 1. CBDA 2. ADCB 3. ABCD 4. DCBA Q.19 Select the synonym of the given word. REVERE Ans 1. Condemn 2. Repeat 3. Enjoy 4. Respect Q.20 Select the correct direct form of the given sentence. The teacher commanded the students not to shout. Ans 1. The teacher said to the students, "Don’t shout.” 2. The teacher said to the student, "You should not shout.” 3. The teacher told to the students, "You must not shout.” 4. The teacher says to the students, "Do not shout." Q21. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. Dead heat Ans 1. A deadly blast of hot air 2. A strong heat wave 3. Close contest that ends in a tie 4. Strong opposition to one's ideas Q.22 Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank. The groom stood before the ______ for the wedding ceremony at the church. Ans 1. atlas 2. alter 3. altar 4. attic Q.23 Select the most appropriate segment to substitute the underlined segment of the given sentence. If substitution is not required select ‘no improvement’. The animal resembled with a cat. Ans 1. resembled by 2. resembled to 3. resembled 4. No improvement Q.24 Select one word for the following group of words. Morals that govern one's behavior Ans 1. Ethics 2. Intuition 3. Psychology 4. Attitude Q.25 Select the most appropriate word to fill in the blank. She ______ on paying the bill at the restaurant. Ans 1. requested 2. insisted 3. offered 4. suggested Q.26 In the sentence identify the segment which contains the grammatical error. Saraswati college has maintained its reputation as one of the best college in the country. Ans 1. Saraswati college has maintained 2. its reputation as 3. in the country 4. one of the best college Answers will be published on January 5, 2021. Good Luck.

Editing Errors requires the knowledge of tense, subject-verb Agreement, determiners, modals, correct use of prepositions and Conversion of parts of speech. Have a thorough concept of each one of them before you starting working out exercises based on editing errors & missing words/phrases. For Answer Key, Click Here

Max Marks 100 Time 3 Hrs. General Instructions: This Question paper is divided into two sections. Part A consists of all Objective Type Questions & Part B comprises Subjective type questions. Answer each section together. Adhere to word limit given in writing and literature sections. For MCQ questions all the answers need to be written in full sentences. Don't write only Option Number. 1/2 Mark will be deducted for each question if you don't follow instruction. Part A ( 50 Marks) 1. Read the following passage and chose the most appropriate answers given after the passage. New Year is a holiday celebration that includes New Yea's Ever and lasts through New Year's Day. New Year's celebrations have been around for a long time in one form or another. They can be traced all the way back to the Babylonians at around 2,000 BC. New Year's Day was not always celebrated on January 1st as it is today. In its earliest times, the New Year was celebrated in the spring, as new life began to emerge in the world. This tradition is quite sensible in relation to the seasons, however ancient cultures struggled to create a calendar that could retain alignment with the sun. The romans went through several versions of calendars in which they inevitably changed the first day of the year to January first. Their final change to the calendar was made by Julius Caesar in the year 46 B.C. Caesar also adopted January 1st as the first day of the year. the Julian calendar became the basis for our current calendar. Therefore, New Year's Day is found at the top of the calendar on January 1st. Certain Roman traditions of the New Year have remained in some form to this day. Among the many Roman gods was Janus, a two-headed God. Janus was considered the god of beginnings and endings and the guardian of gates and doors. One of the heads of Janus faced forward and the other looked back . This figure was a symbol of good beginnings and endings to the Romans. One head was able to look backward to reflect upon what had passed, while the other cold look forward to what was coming. The word Janus is closely related to the word January. The Romans considered the significance of Janus when they established their calendar, and named the first month after him. This roman belief has continued on in tradition to his day. In many ways, the modern celebration of New Year's Day carries on ancient traditions. The holiday itself is celebrated from new Year's Eve (in the old year) and continued on through New year's Day. By observing the holiday in this manner we are encouraged to look at the previous year as it passes away and to welcome the new one with renewed enthusiasm and desire to improve ourselves. New Year's Day has traditionally been a day to enjoy a happiness that will hopefully endure throughout the year. With the old year gone, and the New Year just beginning, it is a great time to fulfil another New Year's tradition-to make resolutions. On New Year's Day, people begin to work at goals that will improve their circumstances. Some people achieve their New Year's resolutions, while others lose sight of them over time. here are a few ideas for making resolutions and a few ideas on how to achieve them. It is good to set personal goals but it can also be beneficial to set goals as a family. Sit down as a family and discuss a few ideas that you would like to achieve together. Working on goals as a family can be fun and rewarding. An additional benefit of working on goals as a family is that it gives you a support system that can make it easier to succeed. Set only a few goals, that are easy to remember and can be accomplished-reasonably and realistically. Making too many goals can complicate your efforts and make you lose sight of many of them altogether. It is amazing how the rush of life can quickly overtake the genuinely good intentions of worthy goals. When goals are not written down, they can be easily forgotten. Write your goals down and post them somewhere where you will see them regularly. When your goals are written and clearly visible, you will be more likely to remember them and to follow good habits that lead to success. Choose at least one resolution that will make you happy now. Many of the goals people choose are ones that lea to greater stress, discomfort, or displeasure, at least for the short term. A few examples are dieting, getting a better job, and quitting a bad habit like smoking. These are worthy goals , but they frequently cause greater stress while trying to achieve them. In addition to these kind of goals, choose a goal that increases your happiness such as taking an hour to relax each day, starting a new hobby, or spending time daily with the kids. The celebration of new Year's Day is all about putting the past behind and looking forward to new and exciting things to come. Although Roman civilization passed from existence long ago, its traditions continue to influence the way New Year's Day is celebrated today. 1.1 On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, complete the statements given below with the help of options. (5) (a) Ancient cultures struggled to create a calendar that could retain alignment with ______ (i) the sun (ii) the moon (iii) stars (iv) the spring season (b) The word Janus is closely related to the word _______ (i) Julius ( ii) January (iii) Julian (iv) June (c) for successful accomplishment of goals , it is necessary to work on them ________ (i) with colleagues (ii) with friends (iii) with family (iv) personally (d) In order to remember the goals one should ________ (i) memorize them (ii) share them (iii) write them on a paper (iv) post them (e) Janus the two-headed God was considered the guardians of ________ (i) gates and windows (ii) doors and windows (iii) gates and doors (iv) windows and balconies 1.2 Answer the following (5) (a) The Roman god Janus had two heads, facing in front only ( True/False) (b) A great tradition at New Year is to make false resolutions. ( True/False) (c) Though Roman civilization is ling over, its New Year traditions continue to influence New Year celebrations. ( True/False) (d) ____________ adopted January 1st as the first day of the year. (e) When goals are not written down, they can be easily __________ 1.3 Find words from the passage which mean the opposite of the following : (2) (i) non-alignment ( para 2) (ii) discouraged ( Para 5) Q2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: 1. International day of yoga is also called the World Yoga Day. United Nations General Assembly has declared 21st of June as an International Yoga Day on 11th of December in 2014. Yoga in India is considered to be around 5,000 year old mental, physical and spiritual practice. Yoga originated in India in ancient times when people used to do meditation to transform their body and mind. Launching a particular date of practising yoga all across the world and celebrating it as yoga day was initiated by the Indian Prime Minister to the United Nations General Assembly. World Yoga Day or International Day of Yoga was celebrated by the people throughout the world second time on 21st June in 2016. 2. Yoga is essentially a spiritual discipline, focuses on bringing harmony between body and mind. It is an art and science of healthy living. Yoga is very necessary and beneficial for all human beings if it is practised by all on daily basis in the early morning. Official name of this day is UN International Yoga Day and is also called as Yoga Day It is a world wide event celebrated by the people of all countries through practicing yoga, meditation, debates, meetings, discussions, variety of cultural performances, etc. 3. Yoga is a practice of controlled body part movements and control of breath. It enhances the inner and outer body and mind strength by connecting both to the nature. It is not a physical practice only as it makes a human able to get control over mental, emotional, and spiritual thoughts. It can be practised by people at any age during childhood, teenage, adult or old age. It needs only safe, slow and controlled movements of body with controlled breathing. Yoga can be practised by anyone as it is irrespective of age, religion, or health circumstances. It improves the discipline and sense of power as well as provides a chance to live healthy life without physical and mental problems. 4. Yoga is very safe, easy and healthy way to get fit whole life without any problems. It just needs regular practice in right way of body movements and breathing. It regularizes the connection between three components of our body such as body, mind and soul. It regularises the functioning of the all body organs and prevents the body and mind to get disturbed because of some bad situations and unhealthy lifestyle. It helps in maintaining health, knowledge and inner peace. By providing good health it fulfils our physical needs, through knowledge it fulfils our psychological needs and through inner peace it fulfils the spiritual need thus it helps in maintaining the harmony among all. 5. Regular practice of the yoga in the morning provides outer and inner relief by keeping away from the countless ailments at the physical and mental level. Practicing postures or asana strengthens the body and mind as well as creates the feeling of well-being. It sharpens the human mind, improves intelligence and helps in high level of concentration by steadying the emotions and feelings. The feeling of well-being creates helping nature within us and thus enhances the social well-being. Improved concentration level helps in meditating and provides calming effect and inner peace to the mind. Yoga is like a practical philosophy which develops self-discipline and self-awareness within us through regular practice. 6. We cannot count the benefits of yoga, we can understand it only as a miracle which can be experienced by doing it regularly. It maintains physical fitness, reduces stress, controls emotions, feelings, controls negative thoughts, feelings of general wellbeing, improves mental clarity, enhances self-understanding and connects to the nature. Q2. On the basis of your understanding of this passage answer the following questions with the help of given options : (12) a. Every year World Yoga Day is celebrated on 21st June because (i) it originated and initiated in india (ii) it initiates mental, physical and spiritual practice (iii) it initiates transformation of body and mind (iv) it was initiated by the Indian PM b. International Yoga Day was declared by (i) United Nations (ii) Security council (iii) UNESCO (iv) WHO c. The concept of Yoga originated in India by means of (i) Pranayam (ii) Meditation' (iii) abstinence (iv) all the above d. Which of the following sentences is not true in the context of Yoga? (i) Yoga needs regular practice in right way of body movements and breathing. (ii) Yoga prevents the body and mind from being disturbed. (iii) develops self-discipline and self-awareness among people. (iv) Yoga does not help in maintaining knowledge and inner peace. e. Yoga enables us to get control over. (i) physical health of all individuals (ii) emotional well-being of people across the globe (iii) material needs of a person (iv) our mental, emotional and spiritual thoughts. f. Yoga can be practised by (i) people at any age (ii) children upto a certain age (iii) teenage and sick people only. (iv) old people only. g. Yoga regularizes the connection between among (i) mind and body of a person (ii) mind and soul of a person (iii) body, mind and soul of a person, (iv) body and mind of a person. h. Yoga is a pragmatic reality which enhances our ability to (i) control our emotions and know one’s character and feelings (ii) appear calm and know one’s feelings (iii) have a clear picture of one’s personality, character and feelings (iv) understand other people and know their character and feelings (I) Yoga warrants us to follow (i) controlled body movements (ii) controlled breaths (iii) early morning time (iv) All the above. (j) Yoga wards off the following for our benefit (i) Physical ailments (ii) mental ailments (iii) poor concentration level (iv) All the above (k) The synonym of the word ' peace/oneness' found in Para 2 is (i) harmony (ii) spiritual (iii) meditation (iv) None of the Above. (l) The antonym of the word ' violence' found in Para 5 is (i) relief (ii) well-being (iii) peace (iv) effect Q3. Read the paragraph and fill in the blanks with the help of options that follow. (4) Many people (a) _________ have grown up in multi child families (b) _________ that a single child family is a very fortunate one. They mention such benefits (c) __________ lack of competition (d) _________ parental love in such families. (a) (i) that (ii) which (iii) who (iv) in (b) (i) are thinking (ii) thinks (iii) have thought (iv) think (c) (i) like (ii) as (iii) instance (iv) example (d) (i) in (ii) of (iii) for (iv) about Q4. Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct options for ANY FOUR of the six sentences given below. (4) a) He is one of the best _______ I have ever met. (i) student (ii) students (iii) Neither of the two options. (b) He liked my suggestions. An example of complex sentence will be (i) He liked what I suggested (ii) He liked that I have suggested. (iii) He liked the way I suggested. (c) He goes to Church every Sunday. This sentence is used to express (i) Universal Truth (ii) habitual action (iii) General Truth. (d) I don't where he lives is an example of (i) simple Sentence (ii) complex sentence (iii) compound sentence (e) I _______ my friend just now. (i) met (ii) have met (iii) has met (f) My friend rang me up last evening is an example of (i) Present Perfect (ii) simple past (iii) Simple present Q5. Fill up the blanks with the most appropriate option. (Any Four) 4 (a) He as well as his brothers _______ brilliant in studies. (i) is (ii) are (iii) am (b) Either you or your brothers ______ seen the match (i) have (ii) has (iii) had (c) The child together with his parents ______ visited the exhibition today. (i) has (ii) have (iii) is (d) The Secretary and Chairman ______ attended the meeting today. (i) have (ii) has (iii) had (e) The cost of all goods ______ increased nowadays. (i) have (ii) has (iii) was Q6. Choose the most appropriate option to answer the following questions. (10) (a) What do 'crow' and 'hemlock tree' symbolize in the poem Dust & Snow? (i) Joy & sorrow (ii) Joy & happiness (iii) dark & light (iv) beauty & sadness (b) What was the effect of the fall of dust of snow on the poet? (i) it changed his luck (ii) it changed his mood (iii) it changed his day (iv) None of the above. (c) What is the underlying theme of the poem ' Fire & Ice'? (i) We should love one another. (ii) We should keep distance from strangers (iii) We should not resort to war (iv) All the above. (d) Man's goodness is a flame that can be hidden, but never extinguished. In which context did Mandela say this? (i) the kindness of his fellow citizens. (ii) kindness of his prison officers. (iii) Loyalty of Military force ( iv) His party workers in ANC (e) How does Mandela define courage? (i) absence of fear (ii) conquer over fear (iii) not scared of anything (iv) All the above (f) Who does not like Wanda being teased by her classmates? (i) Peggy (ii) Miss Mason (iii) Wanda (iv) None of the above (g) Why did Wanda give Maddie and Peggie one of her drawings? (i) She wanted to show that she had forgiven them. (ii) They have asked for this. (iii) Wanda's head teacher wanted it. (iv) Wanda showed her anger through it. (h) In the poem ' The Ball Poem' what does the poet mean by 'Balls will always be lost.' (i) Balls have the characteristics of getting lost. (ii) The possessions that a person has cannot be kept forever. (iii Balls are meant to be lost. (iv) People will always take away balls. (i) What does the boy do when he loses his ball? (i) He shakes with grief. (ii) He stands rigidly. (iii) He stares down the harbour where his ball went. (iv) All the above. (j) Why did Ebright lose interest in tagging butterflies? (i) There was shortage of monarch butterflies. (ii) It was a very tedious job. (iii) It was a waste of time. (iv) All the above. Q7. Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow. (4) I would not intrude on him A dime , another ball, is worthless now. He senses first responsibility In a world of possessions . (a) The poet would not intrude upon the ____________ (i) ball (ii) boy (iii) any passerby (b) 'A dime another ball' is worthless because (i) no other ball can be exactly the same as the ball that is lost. (ii) no other ball can make him forget the sense of loss he feels. (iii) he does not need a dime; he needs a ball. (iv) another ball cannot be bought with a dime. (c) What does the poet mean by ' world of possessions'? (i) the world which is governed by craze of owning things. (ii) the people have tendency to buy/own things. (iii) The world is materialistic in nature. (iv) All the above. (d) A word in the extract which means 'of no value' is (i) intrude (ii) dime (iii) worthless (iv) possessions. Q8. Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow. (4) 'Perhaps it requires such depths of oppression to create such heights of character. My country is rich in the minerals and gems that lie beneath its soil, but I have always known that its greatest wealth is its people, finer and truer than the purest diamonds'. (i) Which country is referred to here ? (a) South Africa (b) USA (c) Nigeria (d) Bulgaria (ii) What is country's greatest wealth? (a) its economy (b) its infrastructure (c) its people (d) its resources (iii) The minerals and gems are compared to _____ (a) diamonds (b) wealth (c) resources (d) people (iv) What is the synonym of 'precious stones' in the passage? (a) minerals (b) diamonds (c) gems (d) soil. Section B ( Subjective Questions) Q9. Write a letter to the police commissioner traffic about the inadequate parking facilities in the commercial street area of Bangalore, which is causing a lot of inconvenience to the people. You may also offer your suggestions for solving it. You are Rakesh / Radhika, number 12, Jayanagar, Bangalore. (6 Marks) Q10. (a) The bar graph given below shows nutrient content of some common food items. Briefly summarise the data making appropriate comparisons in about 100 words. (6 Marks) OR 10 (b) You are Anuj/Anuja , a student. You are concerned about rising teenage obesity. You have seen the pie diagram given below telling about the leisure time activities amongst teenagers. Use your own ideas & interpret the data in about 100 words. Q11. Answer any three questions in 20-30 words (2x3=6) a) How does Mandela illustrate the concept of courage in the lesson? b) What was the dream of Nelson Mandela for the future of South Africa? c) What did Wanda's father write in his letter to Miss Mason? d) How was Wanda different from other children of her school? e) What does the postmaster do to ensure that Lencho's faith in God is not shaken? f) What did Lencho write in his second letter to God? Q12. Answer any two questions in 20-30 words (2x2=4) a) What made Hari Singh come back to Anil? b) Why were the landlord and his wife surprised to see the scientist’s door wide open? c) Why did Mrs. Hall find the Scientist eccentric ? d) Why did Richard Ebright raise a flock of butterflies? e) How did Richard Ebright's mother help him to become a scientist? Q13. Answer any two of the following questions in 40-50 words. (3x2=6 Marks) a) How does Mandela contrast ''transitory freedoms ''with the basic and honourable freedoms''? b) What does the postmaster do to ensure that Lencho's faith in God is not shaken? c) How did the girls know that Wanda liked them even though they had teased her? Q14. Answer any two of the following questions in 40-50 words. (3x2=6 Marks) a) What kind of experiments did Griffin conduct? What was the outcome of these experiments? b) Why did Anil find it difficult to rob Anil? c) What led Ebright to discover an unknown insect hormone? Q15. Answer ANY ONE of the following from 'First Flight' in 100-120 words. (6 Marks) A) Why did Lencho say that raindrops were like new coins? How did the same rain drops change the face of his field? b) What did Wanda write in her letter to Miss Mason? How did Peggy and Maddie feel when they heard they heard what she wrote? Q16. Answer ANY ONE of the following from 'Footprints without Feet' in 100-120 words. (6 Marks) a) How did Anil help Hari Singh lead an honest and respectable life? b) The invisible man has been described as 'lawless'. Justify the statement with instances from the story. <<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>

NCERT Solution: Read & Find Out ( Page 8) Q1. Who does 'I' refer to in this story? Ans: 'I ' in this story refers to the narrator, a fifteen-year-old thief who calls himself Hari Singh. Q2. What is he 'a fairly successful hand ' at ? Ans: The narrator is ' a fairly successful hand' at stealing. Q3. What does he get from Anil in return for his work? Ans: In return for his work, he gets food to eat and Anil's balcony to sleep on. Anil also teaches him how to write his name. Read and Find out ( Page 10) How doe the thief think Anil will react to the theft? Ans: The thief thinks that Anil will be sad at the loss of trust in him and not at the loss of his money. What does he say about the different reactions of people when they are robbed? Ans: Yes, Anil realises that he had been robbed. Although he does not show it or speak about it, the thief understands that Anil knows about the theft. Think About It ( page 13) 1. What are Hari Singh’s reactions to the prospect of receiving an education? Do they change over time? (Hint: Compare, for example, the thought: “I knew that once I could write like an educated man there would be no limit to what I could achieve” with these later thoughts: “Whole sentences, I knew, could one day bring me more than a few hundred rupees. It was a simple matter to steal — and sometimes just as simple to be caught. But to be a really big man, a clever and respected man, was something else.”) What makes him return to Anil? Ans: Hari singh is very happy when when Anil first teaches him to write his name and assures him to teach him to write whole sentences as well as to add numbers. He is pleased and grateful because he thinks that once he can write like an educated man, he can use this to hone his skills at robbing and stealing. However, his reaction is different at the end of the story when he realises that education would help him be a a really big man, a clever and respected person . That would be a better prospect than being a skilled thief. 2. Why does not Anil hand the thief over to the police? Do you think most people would have done so? In what ways is Anil different from such employers? Ans: Anil does not hand the thief over to the police because he is kind and perceptive. He knows that although Hari had stolen the money, he had returned it, so Anil appreciates the change in Hari. Perhaps Anil realises that this is an opportunity for him to reform Hari and turn him into an educated and respectable persons. He wants to give Hari a second chance. Most people would have handed the thief over to the police. However, Anil is different. He believes in handling the situation in a sensitive manner so that the thief can get a chance to change for the better. THEME The story highlights the total transformation of a thief’s life due to trust placed in him by his employer. The story revolves around Hari Singh, a fifteen-year old thief, who influences Anil to appoint him a cook. Anil -a young, struggling writer in his twenties is simple and easy going. The kind and empathetic nature of Anil changes the habit of Hari, who decides to devote his time in studies. Story Sequence Hari Singh-a 15-yr-old thief- approached Anil while he was watching a wrestling match. Hari used flattering words to gain Anil’s favour and they struck up a conversation. Hari expressed his wish to work for Anil. Anil agreed to feed Hari only if he knew how to cook. Hari lied that he could cook in order to gain his confidence. Anil took Hari home over Jumna Sweet Shop and asked Hari to sleep in the balcony. The meal cooked by Hari was terrible. So Anil gave the meal to a stray dog. Anil patted Hari’s head and told him that he would teach him how to cook. Anil taught Hari how to write his name and promised to teach him write whole sentences and to add numbers. Hari started making tea in the morning and was entrusted a duty of buying provisions for Anil. He used to make a profit of one rupee everyday out of everyday ration. One evening Anil came back with a bundle of currency notes he had got from selling a book he had written to a publisher. He kept the money under the mattress and slept peacefully. He brushed away his thoughts and decided to execute the robbery the same night, as Anil would’ve otherwise wasted the money on his friends. Hari crawled up Anil’s bed when Anil was asleep. He slid his hand under the mattress and drew the money out quietly. He rushed out of the room and began to run on the road. He had secured the money with the string of his pyjama. He was heading towards the railway station to catch 10.30 express to Lucknow as planned. He was elated when he counted the money on his way. Hari reached the station but something unexplainable stopped him. He decided to leave the station and thought how would Anil feel when he would come to know about the theft. Hari had realised the fact that he would lose the chance to learn how to read and write. He decided to go back to Anil, if only for the sake of learning how to read and write. Hari crept up to Anil’s bed, quickly took out the currency notes and placed the notes under the mattress. Then he went off to sleep in the balcony. Hari woke up late in the morning. He found that Anil had already prepared tea. Anil gave a fifty rupee note to Hari, telling him that he had earned some money by selling a book to a publisher Henceforth, he would pay him regularly. Hari was motivated but he could make out that Anil knew everything though he didn’t say anything to him about it. Anil does not show that he knows about the theft and accepts Hari Singh with open arms. Thus, a well -intentioned person tries to reform a teenager who has strayed from the correct path. Recapitulation A 15 year old thief, Hari, makes friendship with a struggling writer. Anil. Anil, a respectable person, wants to teach Hari Singh how to read and write. One day Hari Singh stole the money which Anil had earned by selling a book to a publisher. He was heading towards the railway station to catch 10.30 express to Lucknow as planned. But he returns to Anil from the railway station. Thus, an easy going and respectable person like Anil transformed a professional thief into becoming a responsible citizen towards the end of the story. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< End >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Lesson Architecture Theme Lesson at a Glance NCERT Solution Theme: The Happy Prince is a poignant and touching story of the statue of a prince and a little swallow that gives up its life to be with the prince. It is a story of kindness, friendship and selfless loyalty. Real feelings and emotions have been given to the character of the Happy Prince, a statue on a tall column, high above the city. The swallow is a loyal and selfless bird who remains with the Happy Prince and carries out his commands. The swallow is a symbol of selfless love and service. He knows that his end is imminent but he does not leave the prince alone. He gives up his life to help the prince be of service to the poor. Lesson-at-a-Glance The statue of the prince was erected on a tall column. The prince was gilded with thin leaves of gold. He had sapphires for eyes and a ruby on his sword hilt. One day a swallow alighted near his feet. He was on his way to Egypt to escape the cold winter. All his friends had already gone to Egypt. As the swallow settled down to sleep, tear drops fell on him. He saw that the eyes of the prince's statue were filled with tears. The statue replied that when he was alive he lived in the palace and knew nothing of sorrow. He was always happy and was called the Happy Prince. Now that he was dead, his statue had been placed on a tall column from where he could see the ugliness and misery of his city. The Happy Prince told the bird that far away he could see a poor seamstress embroidering a dress for a rich lady while her child lay sick and hungry, asking for an orange. He told the swallow to pick out the ruby from his sword hilt and take it to the seamstress. The next day the swallow saw all the monuments in the city, and when evening fell, he came to the prince before flying to Egypt. The prince begged him to stay one more night. He said that far away he could see a young playwright in a garret. He had to finish a play but was faint with hunger and too cold to write. The prince was full of pity for the man and asked the swallow to pluck out one of his eyes that were made of rare sapphires and take it to the poor playwright. The playwright then experienced a new ray of life. On the third day, the swallow spent time at the harbour watching the sailors. When he came to say goodbye to the prince, the prince asked him to stay one more day. He said that he could see a poor little girl who had dropped her matchsticks in the gutter. He said that her father would beat her if she did not bring him some money. The prince asked the swallow to pluck out his remaining eye and give it to the little girl. The swallow obliged what the prince asked. The prince, being blind now, the swallow decided to stay back with the Prince. The next day the swallow sat on the prince's shoulder and told him stories of what he had seen in strange lands. The swallow flew over the city when being asked by the prince and saw how the rich wre enjoying themselves while the poor suffered. When he told the prince what he had seen, the prince asked him to remove his gold leaves one by one and give them to the poor. The poor little swallow grew colder and colder but he did not leave the prince whom he loved so well. He kissed the prince and fell down dead at his feet. At that time the leaden heart of the prince's statue too snapped into two. The next morning when the Mayor saw the statue, he noted how shabby it looked. The statue of the prince was pulled down and melted in the furnace. On being discovered that the leaden heart of the statue did not melt, the workmen in the foundry threw it away on a dust heap where the dead swallow was also lying. NCERT Solution 1. Why do the courtiers call the prince ‘the Happy Prince’? Is he really happy? What does he see all around him? Ans: The Happy Prince lives in a great palace where sorrow is not allowed to enter. So he lives happily unaware of the sorrows and sufferings of the world. He is not really happy as he can see now all the ugliness and misery of his city. 2. Why does the Happy Prince send a ruby for the seamstress? What does the swallow do in the seamstress’ house? Ans: The seamstress was too poor to be able to buy food for her sick child. Therefore, the happy Prince decided to send a ruby for the seamstress. On reaching the seamstress's house the swallow can discover that the seamstress has fallen asleep due to her fatigue. The swallow places the ruby on the table and flies round the bed, fanning the boy's forehead with his wings. The boy having felt comfortable goes off to sleep. 3. For whom does the Prince send the Sapphires and why? Ans: The Prince sends the sapphires, which his eyes are made of, for a young writer and a matchgirl. The young writer is busy in a project for the Director of the Theatre. He does not have any fire in his grate to warm himself. So the prince sends him sapphire to that by selling it to a jeweller he can buy firewood to keep himself warm and finish his play on time. The little matchgirl's matches have fallen into the gutter and are all spoiled. Therefore, the prince asks the swallow to pluck out his other eye and give it to the match girl. The matchgirl became extremely happy and returns home heartily. 4. What does the swallow see when it flies over the city? Ans: The swallow sees scenes of misery and helplessness everywhere. The rich make merry in their beautiful houses while the beggars sit at the gates. The swallow flies into dark lanes and sees the white faces of starving children looking out listlessly at the streets. Under the archway of a bridge he sees two little boys huddling in each other's arms trying to keep themselves warm in the rain. These little boys are forced to wander out into the rain as the watchman instructs them to move out. 5. Why did the swallow not leave the prince and go to Egypt? Ans: As the prince became blind after donating his eyes made of sapphire to the poor and the needy, the swallow decided to stay back and not to leave him. The condition of the little swallow got worse due to the arrival of snow and frost. He picked up the crumbs outside the bakery and kept himself warm by flapping his wings. He loved the prince very much and lived with him till his death. 6. What are the precious things mentioned in the story? Why are they precious? The two precious things mentioned in the story are the prince's leaden heart and the dead swallow. Both are precious due to the following reasons: The Prince felt miserable at the sight of the suffering people in his kingdom. He selflessly donated his ruby , sapphires and all his gold. He was sacrificing in nature and only thought of how he could help the suffering humanity. The little swallow helped the prince by reaching out to the needy and suffering people. When the prince turned blind, the swallow decided to stay with him and look after him. He gave up his plan of going to Egypt where all his friends have gone. He braved the extreme cold winter in close proximity to the statue of the Prince and yet did not leave the Prince unattended. For the NCERT Solution of 'Reach For the Top', Please Click Here. <<<<<<<<<<<< End >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Lesson Architecture: Theme Lesson-At-A-Glance NCERT Solution Extra Questions Maria Sharapova Theme: Hard work & Commitment pay off towards the end. Every individual needs to be self-aware and explore the potential to scale the height of success. One needs to be unique to break away from shackles of traditional obligations to do something different for the society. The story gives an account of two iconoclastic women- Santosh Yadav & Maria Sharapova. Lesson-At-A-Glance Santosh Yadav was born in the village of Joniyawas of Rewari District, Haryana. She is the sixth child in a family of five sons. Her parents were affluent landowners. However, they sent their daughter to a local school where all local girls went. Santosh refused to get married at a tender age when her parents insisted on it. She left home and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi. Initially her parents refused to pay for her education. But they eventually paid for the fees when they saw the tenacity in their daughter. Santosh passed her high school examinations and joined Maharani College in jaipur. While in college from her hostel room once Santosh watched villagers going up a hill. She joined some mountaineers and felt motivated to become a mountaineer herself. She saved money and enrolled in a course at Uttarkashi's Nehru Institute of Mountaineering. She saved money and enrolled in a course at Uttarkashi's Nehru Institute of Mountaineering. When she turned twenty, she became the youngest woman in the world to climb Mt. Everest. As a member of an Indo-Nepalese Women's Expedition, she set a record as being the only woman to have scaled Mt. Everest twice. She was hounoured with the Padmashri Award by the Govt. of India. During the 1992 Everest mission, she provided care to a dying fellow climber. She managed to save a climber named Mohan Singh by sharing her oxygen with him. She is credited to have brought down 500 kgs of garbage from the Himalayas. Her deep love for her country is reflected in the pride she describes experiencing when unfurling the tricolor on the summit of Everest. NCERT Solution : Thinking about the Text Answer these questions in one or two sentences each. (i) Why was the 'holy man' who gave Santosh's mother his blessings surprised? The holy man thought that the family wanted a son. However, when Santosh's grandmother told him that they wanted a daughter, the holy man was surprised. (ii) Give an example to show that even as a young girl Santosh was not ready to accept anything unreasonable. Ans: She used to wear shorts unlike girls of her community and not the traditional dresses . (iii) Why was Santosh sent to the local school? In line with the existing practice of sending girls to local village school, Santosh was sent to the local school. (iv) When did she leave home for Delhi and why? At the age of sixteen she left for Delhi to get herself enrolled in a school. (v) Why did Santosh’s parents agree to pay for her schooling in Delhi? What mental qualities of Santosh are brought into light by this incident? Ans: When Santosh's parents saw that she decided to take up a part time job in the city to support her education in Delhi, they decided to pay for her schooling in Delhi. She is a bold, committed, responsible and self-confident woman. II. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words). 1. How did Santosh begin to climb mountains? Ans: Santosh used to see villagers go up the mountain from her hostel that faced Aravalli Hills. She expressed her desire to join a few mountaineers. They motivated her to take to climbing. 2. What incidents during the Everest expedition show Santosh’s concern for her team-mates? Ans : During her Everest mission in 1992 Santosh provided care to a fellow climber who lay dying at the south Col. On another occasion she saved the life of Mohan Singh , another fellow climber by sharing her oxygen with him. 3. What shows her concern for the environment? Ans: Santosh's concern for the environment can be evident when she collected and brought down 500 kilograms of garbage from the Himalayas. 4. How does she describe her feelings at the summit of the Everest? Ans: she describes it as 'indescribable'. According to her, unfurling the Indian flag on the top of the world was a spiritual moment and she felt proud to be an Indian. 5. Santosh Yadav got into the record books both times she scaled Mt. Everest. What were the reasons for this? Ans: When she scaled Mt. Everest for the first time, she was credited to have become the youngest woman in the world to achieve this feat. When she scaled for the second time, she became the only woman who had been able to scale it twice. III. Complete the following statements: 1. From her room in Kasturba Hostel, Santosh used to ___________. Ans: (see the villagers going up the hill and suddenly vanishing after a while. 2. When she finished college, Santosh had to write a letter of apology to her father because ___________. (she had got herself enrolled at Uttarkarshi's Nehru Institute of Mountaineering without his permission) 3. During the Everest expedition, her seniors in the team admired her ___________ while ___________ endeared her to fellow climbers. ( climbing skills, physical fitness and mental strength , her concern for others and desire to work for together with them ) IV. Pick out words from the text that mean the same as the following words or expressions. (Look in the paragraphs indicated.) 1. took to be true without proof (1): __________ 2. based on reason; sensible; reasonable (2): __________ . the usual way of doing things (para 3): __________ 4. a strong desire arising from within (5): __________ 5. the power to endure, without falling ill (7): __________ Ans. 1. assumed 2. rational 3. custom 4. urge 5. resistance MARIA SHARAPOVA Theme: This lesson describes the relentless effort and insatiable desire for excellence that Maria Sharapova displayed in her struggle to excel in the field of lawn tennis. At the tender age of nine years, she got separated from her parents to undergo training in tennis in the United States. Her readiness to sacrifice was evident when her senior students in hostel in the US would bully her by waking her up and making her clean and tidy the room. She underwent the emotional turmoil, but her strength of character helped her tide over the crisis in her life in the end. Eventually she was successful in reaching the number one position in women’s tennis. Lesson in a Nutshell Maria Sharapova is a Siberian born tennis player. At a tender age of nine-years she left for Florida in United States with her father, Uri. Maria felt lonely in the US and missed her mother badly. Her father, on the other hand, worked hard to pay for her tennis training. During her stay in the hostel, she used to sleep at 8 in the evening. However, her senior tennis trainees would wake her up at 11 pm, wake her up and instructed her to tidy her room. She was very competitive in nature and her relentless effort helped her bag the women’s singles crown at Wimbledon in 2004. On August 22, 2005 she won the number one position in women’s tennis. It took her just four years as a professional player to reach the pinnacle. Maria also enjoyed pursuing fashion, singing, dancing and reading the novels of Arthur Conan Doyle. NCERT Textbook Quesions: Before You Read ( page 104) As you read, look for the answer to these questions: Why was Maria sent to the United States ? Ans: Maria was sent to the US for the training in lawn tennis. Why didn't her mother go with her? Maria's mother could not go with h er because she did not get a visa to travel to the US. What are her hobbies? What does she like? Ans: Maria's hobbies are fashion, singing and dancing. She loves reading the novels of Arthur Conan Doyle. She is fond of wearing sophisticated evening gowns, eating pancakes with chocolate spread and drinking fizzy orange drinks. What motivates her to keep going? Ans: The desire to become the number one tennis player in the world keeps Maria going. The money she makes from tennis is another source of motivation for her. Thinking about the Language: Identify the two parts in the sentences below by underlining the part that gives us the information in brackets, as shown above. 1. Where other girls wore traditional Indian dresses, Santosh preferred shorts. (Contrasts her dress with that of others) Ans: Where other girls wore traditional Indian dresses, Santosh preferred shorts. 2. She left home and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi. (Tells us what happened after the first action) Ans: She left home and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi. 3. She decided to fight the system when the right moment arrived. (Tells us when she was going to fight the system.) She decided to fight the system when the right moment arrived. 4. Little Maria had not yet celebrated her tenth birthday when she was packed off to train in the United States. ( Tells us when maria was sent to the US) Ans: Little Maria had not yet celebrated her tenth birthday when she was packed off to train in the United States. II. Now rewrite the pairs of sentences given below as one sentence. 1. Grandfather told me about the old days. All books were printed on paper then. Ans: Grandfather told me about the old days when all books were printed on paper. 2. What do you do after you finish the book? Perhaps you just throw it away. Ans: After you finish the book, perhaps you just throw it away. 3. He gave the little girl an apple. He took the computer apart. Ans: He gave the little girl an apple before taking the computer apart. 4. You have nothing. That makes you very determined. Ans: Having nothing makes you very determined. 5. I never thought of quitting. I knew what I wanted. Ans: I never thought of quitting because I knew what I wanted. Extra Questions: 1. How did Maria’s father help Maria in her success in lawn tennis? Ans : Maria's father Yuri contributed a lot in helping her mould her career. He took her for training in Florida in the United States. He worked hard to earn money to finance the expenses of Maria's training and lodging. Q2. How did Maria react to humiliation by her seniors at Florida in the United States? Ans : Maria being the youngest trainee in the hostel, was bullied by her seniors. Her seniors used to wake her up at 11 o' clock at night and ask her to clean the room. As a result, she became more committed to her cause and learnt how to adopt to challenging situation in life. Q3. What was the secret of Maria’s success? Ans : Mental toughness and undying passion to excel were the secret of Maria’s success. She was highly competitive and worked hard at whatever she did. Q4. What shows that Maria was proud of being a Russian? Ans : Maria Sharapova is a Russian. She spent most of her time in the United States. She speaks with a pronounced American accent but she is proud of her Russian identity. She pronounced that she was ready to represent Russia in Olympics.